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The role of the active phase of Raney-type Ni catalysts in the selective hydrogenation of d-glucose to d-sorbitol

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Title: The role of the active phase of Raney-type Ni catalysts in the selective hydrogenation of d-glucose to d-sorbitol
Authors: Hoffer, B.W.1, Crezee, E.1, Devred, F.2, Mooijman, P.R.M.1, Sloof, W.G.2, Kooyman, P.J.2, van Langeveld, A.D.3 a.d.vanlangeveld@tnw.tudelft.nl, Kapteijn, F.1, Moulijn, J.A.1
Source: Applied Catalysis A: General. Oct2003, Vol. 253 Issue 2, p437. 16p.
Subjects: Nickel catalysts, Nickel-aluminum alloys, Alloys, Molybdenum
Abstract: Bulk and surface properties of homemade Raney-type Ni catalysts and their Ni–Al alloy precursors have been studied and compared with commercial samples, both promoted and unpromoted. The two starting alloys had a different Ni2Al3 concentration, resulting in Raney-type Ni catalysts with different Ni–Al composition. All catalysts have been screened in the hydrogenation of an aqueous solution of d-glucose (10 wt.%) using a three-phase slurry reactor at 4.0 MPa and 393 K. The promoters are segregated at the surface of the catalysts and have a beneficial effect on the reaction rate, essentially due to an increased surface area and stability of the active phase while an enhanced interaction of d-glucose with Ni seems to play a secondary role. The Raney-type Ni catalysts lose Ni and Al at the applied reaction conditions. Mo does not leach at all. Fe leaches severely from the catalyst surface, but about 30% of the Fe at the surface is present as inactive, bulk iron. The major cause of deactivation of the Raney-type Ni catalysts is the presence of d-gluconic acid formed during the reaction. The effect of d-gluconic acid is two-fold: firstly it blocks the Ni sites making them inactive in d-glucose processing. The poisoned catalytic sites can be recovered again by a regeneration treatment in hydrogen at 393 K. Secondly, the formation of d-gluconic acid leads to a severe loss of Ni, which makes product purification necessary. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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An: 11112536
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  Data: The role of the active phase of Raney-type Ni catalysts in the selective hydrogenation of d-glucose to d-sorbitol
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoffer%2C+B%2EW%2E%22">Hoffer, B.W.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Crezee%2C+E%2E%22">Crezee, E.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Devred%2C+F%2E%22">Devred, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mooijman%2C+P%2ER%2EM%2E%22">Mooijman, P.R.M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sloof%2C+W%2EG%2E%22">Sloof, W.G.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kooyman%2C+P%2EJ%2E%22">Kooyman, P.J.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Langeveld%2C+A%2ED%2E%22">van Langeveld, A.D.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> a.d.vanlangeveld@tnw.tudelft.nl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kapteijn%2C+F%2E%22">Kapteijn, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moulijn%2C+J%2EA%2E%22">Moulijn, J.A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Applied+Catalysis+A%3A+General%22">Applied Catalysis A: General</searchLink>. Oct2003, Vol. 253 Issue 2, p437. 16p.
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  Data: Bulk and surface properties of homemade Raney-type Ni catalysts and their Ni–Al alloy precursors have been studied and compared with commercial samples, both promoted and unpromoted. The two starting alloys had a different Ni2Al3 concentration, resulting in Raney-type Ni catalysts with different Ni–Al composition. All catalysts have been screened in the hydrogenation of an aqueous solution of d-glucose (10 wt.%) using a three-phase slurry reactor at 4.0 MPa and 393 K. The promoters are segregated at the surface of the catalysts and have a beneficial effect on the reaction rate, essentially due to an increased surface area and stability of the active phase while an enhanced interaction of d-glucose with Ni seems to play a secondary role. The Raney-type Ni catalysts lose Ni and Al at the applied reaction conditions. Mo does not leach at all. Fe leaches severely from the catalyst surface, but about 30% of the Fe at the surface is present as inactive, bulk iron. The major cause of deactivation of the Raney-type Ni catalysts is the presence of d-gluconic acid formed during the reaction. The effect of d-gluconic acid is two-fold: firstly it blocks the Ni sites making them inactive in d-glucose processing. The poisoned catalytic sites can be recovered again by a regeneration treatment in hydrogen at 393 K. Secondly, the formation of d-gluconic acid leads to a severe loss of Ni, which makes product purification necessary. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Catalysis A: General is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nickel-aluminum alloys
        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Molybdenum
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      – TitleFull: The role of the active phase of Raney-type Ni catalysts in the selective hydrogenation of d-glucose to d-sorbitol
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              Text: Oct2003
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