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Determination of an optimal dosing schedule for combining Irinophore C™ and temozolomide in an orthotopic model of glioblastoma.

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Title: Determination of an optimal dosing schedule for combining Irinophore C™ and temozolomide in an orthotopic model of glioblastoma.
Authors: Verreault, M.1 maiteverreault@gmail.com, Wehbe, M.2,3, Strutt, D.2, Masin, D.2, Anantha, M.2, Walker, D.4, Chu, F.4, Backstrom, I.2, Kalra, J.2, Waterhouse, D.2, Yapp, D.T.2,3, Bally, M.B.2,3,5,6 mbally@bccrc.ca
Source: Journal of Controlled Release. Dec2015 Part A, Vol. 220, p348-357. 10p.
Subjects: Temozolomide, Glioblastoma multiforme, Irinotecan, Camptothecin, DNA
Abstract: Our laboratory reported that Irinophore C™ (IrC™; a lipid-based nanoparticulate formulation of irinotecan) is effective against an orthotopic model of glioblastoma (GBM) and that treatment with IrC™ was associated with vascular normalization within the tumor. Here, the therapeutic effects of IrC™ when used in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in concurrent and sequential treatment schedules were tested. It was anticipated that IrC™ engendered vascular normalization would increase the delivery of TMZ to the tumor and that this would be reflected by improved treatment outcomes. The approach compared equally efficacious doses of irinotecan (IRN; 50 mg/kg) and IrC™ (25 mg/kg) in order to determine if there was a unique advantage achieved when combining TMZ with IrC™. The TMZ sensitive U251MG O cell line (null expression of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)) modified to express the fluorescent protein mKate2 was inoculated orthotopically into NOD.CB17-SCID mice and treatment was initiated 14 days later. Our results demonstrated that IrC™ and TMZ administered concurrently resulted in optimal treatment outcomes, with 50% long term survivors (> 180 days) in comparison to 17% long term survivors in animals treated with IRN and TMZ or TMZ alone. Indeed, the different treatments resulted in a 353%, 222% and 280% increase in median survival time (MST) compared to untreated animals for, respectively, IrC™ combined with TMZ, IRN combined with TMZ, and TMZ alone. When TMZ was administered after completion of IRN or IrC™ dosing, an increase in median survival time of 167–174% was observed compared to untreated animals and of 67% and 74%, respectively, when IRN (50 mg/kg) and IrC™ (25 mg/kg) were given as single agents. We confirmed in these studies that after completion of the Q7D × 3 dosing of IrC™, but not IRN, the tumor-associated vascular was normalized as compared to untreated tumors. Specifically, reductions in the fraction of collagen IV-free CD31 staining (p < 0.05) and reductions in tumor vessel diameter were observed in tumors from IrC™-treated animals when compared to tumors from untreated or IRN treated animals. Analysis by transmission electron microscopy of the ultra-structure of tumors from IrC™-treated and untreated animals revealed that tumor-associated vessels from treated animals were smaller, more organized and exhibited a morphology comparable to normal blood vessels. In conclusion, optimal treatment outcomes were achieved when IrC™ and TMZ were administered concurrently, whereas IrC™ followed by TMZ treatment given sequentially did not confer any therapeutic advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Controlled Release is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Determination of an optimal dosing schedule for combining Irinophore C™ and temozolomide in an orthotopic model of glioblastoma.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Verreault%2C+M%2E%22&quot;&gt;Verreault, M.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;i&gt; maiteverreault@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Wehbe%2C+M%2E%22&quot;&gt;Wehbe, M.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2,3&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Strutt%2C+D%2E%22&quot;&gt;Strutt, D.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Masin%2C+D%2E%22&quot;&gt;Masin, D.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Anantha%2C+M%2E%22&quot;&gt;Anantha, M.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Walker%2C+D%2E%22&quot;&gt;Walker, D.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;4&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Chu%2C+F%2E%22&quot;&gt;Chu, F.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;4&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Backstrom%2C+I%2E%22&quot;&gt;Backstrom, I.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kalra%2C+J%2E%22&quot;&gt;Kalra, J.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Waterhouse%2C+D%2E%22&quot;&gt;Waterhouse, D.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Yapp%2C+D%2ET%2E%22&quot;&gt;Yapp, D.T.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2,3&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Bally%2C+M%2EB%2E%22&quot;&gt;Bally, M.B.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2,3,5,6&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;i&gt; mbally@bccrc.ca&lt;/i&gt;
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Journal+of+Controlled+Release%22&quot;&gt;Journal of Controlled Release&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Dec2015 Part A, Vol. 220, p348-357. 10p.
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Our laboratory reported that Irinophore C™ (IrC™; a lipid-based nanoparticulate formulation of irinotecan) is effective against an orthotopic model of glioblastoma (GBM) and that treatment with IrC™ was associated with vascular normalization within the tumor. Here, the therapeutic effects of IrC™ when used in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in concurrent and sequential treatment schedules were tested. It was anticipated that IrC™ engendered vascular normalization would increase the delivery of TMZ to the tumor and that this would be reflected by improved treatment outcomes. The approach compared equally efficacious doses of irinotecan (IRN; 50 mg/kg) and IrC™ (25 mg/kg) in order to determine if there was a unique advantage achieved when combining TMZ with IrC™. The TMZ sensitive U251MG O cell line (null expression of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)) modified to express the fluorescent protein mKate2 was inoculated orthotopically into NOD.CB17-SCID mice and treatment was initiated 14 days later. Our results demonstrated that IrC™ and TMZ administered concurrently resulted in optimal treatment outcomes, with 50% long term survivors (&gt; 180 days) in comparison to 17% long term survivors in animals treated with IRN and TMZ or TMZ alone. Indeed, the different treatments resulted in a 353%, 222% and 280% increase in median survival time (MST) compared to untreated animals for, respectively, IrC™ combined with TMZ, IRN combined with TMZ, and TMZ alone. When TMZ was administered after completion of IRN or IrC™ dosing, an increase in median survival time of 167–174% was observed compared to untreated animals and of 67% and 74%, respectively, when IRN (50 mg/kg) and IrC™ (25 mg/kg) were given as single agents. We confirmed in these studies that after completion of the Q7D &#215; 3 dosing of IrC™, but not IRN, the tumor-associated vascular was normalized as compared to untreated tumors. Specifically, reductions in the fraction of collagen IV-free CD31 staining (p &lt; 0.05) and reductions in tumor vessel diameter were observed in tumors from IrC™-treated animals when compared to tumors from untreated or IRN treated animals. Analysis by transmission electron microscopy of the ultra-structure of tumors from IrC™-treated and untreated animals revealed that tumor-associated vessels from treated animals were smaller, more organized and exhibited a morphology comparable to normal blood vessels. In conclusion, optimal treatment outcomes were achieved when IrC™ and TMZ were administered concurrently, whereas IrC™ followed by TMZ treatment given sequentially did not confer any therapeutic advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Journal of Controlled Release is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=111528000
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        Value: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.053
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 348
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      – SubjectFull: Temozolomide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glioblastoma multiforme
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              Text: Dec2015 Part A
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