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Aerosol characteristics in north-east India using ARFINET spectral optical depth measurements.

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Title: Aerosol characteristics in north-east India using ARFINET spectral optical depth measurements.
Authors: Pathak, B.1 binita@dibru.ac.in, Subba, T.1, Dahutia, P.1, Bhuyan, P.K.1, Moorthy, K. Krishna2, Gogoi, M.M.3, Babu, S. Suresh3, Chutia, L.1, Ajay, P.1, Biswas, J.1, Bharali, C.1, Borgohain, A.4, Dhar, P.5, Guha, A.5, De, B.K.5, Banik, T.5, Chakraborty, M.5, Kundu, S.S.4, Sudhakar, S.4, Singh, S.B.6
Source: Atmospheric Environment. Jan2016 Part B, Vol. 125, p461-473. 13p.
Subjects: Aerosol industry, Climate change, Greenhouse gases
Geographic Terms: Bay of Bengal
Abstract: Four years (2010–2014) of spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from 4 Indian Space Research Organisation's ARFINET (Aerosol Radiative Forcing over India) stations (Shillong, Agartala, Imphal and Dibrugarh) in the North-Eastern Region (NER) of India (lying between 22–30°N and 89–98°E) are synthesized to evolve a regional aerosol representation, for the first time. Results show that the columnar AOD (an indicator of the column abundance of aerosols) is highest at Agartala (0.80 ± 0.24) in the west and lowest at Imphal (0.59 ± 0.23) in the east in the pre-monsoon season due to intense anthropogenic bio-mass burning in this region aided by long-range transport from the high aerosol laden regions of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), polluted Bangladesh and Bay of Bengal. In addition to local biogenic aerosols and pollutants emitted from brick kilns, oil/gas fields, household bio-fuel/fossil-fuel, vehicles, industries. Aerosol distribution and climatic impacts show a west to east gradient within the NER. For example, the climatological mean AODs are 0.67 ± 0.26, 0.52 ± 0.14, 0.40 ± 0.17 and 0.41 ± 0.23 respectively in Agartala, Shillong, Imphal and Dibrugarh which are geographically located from west to east within the NER. The average aerosol burden in NER ranks second highest with climatological mean AOD 0.49 ± 0.2 next to the Indo-Gangetic Plains where the climatological mean AOD is 0.64 ± 0.2 followed by the South and South-East Asia region. Elevated aerosol layers are observed over the eastern most stations Dibrugarh and Imphal, while at the western stations the concentrations are high near the surface. The climate implications of aerosols are evaluated in terms of aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) and consequent heating of the atmosphere in the region which follows AOD and exhibit high values in pre-monsoon season at all the locations except in Agartala. The highest ARF in the atmosphere occurs in the pre-monsoon season ranging from 48.6 Wm −2 in Agartala to 25.1 Wm −2 in Imphal. Winter radiative forcing follows that in pre-monsoon season at these locations. The heating rate is high at 1.2 K day −1 and 1.0 K day −1 over Shillong and Dibrugarh respectively in this season. However, Agartala experiences higher surface forcing (−56.5 Wm −2 ) and consequent larger heating of the atmosphere of 1.6 K day −1 in winter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Aerosol characteristics in north-east India using ARFINET spectral optical depth measurements.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pathak%2C+B%2E%22">Pathak, B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> binita@dibru.ac.in</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Subba%2C+T%2E%22">Subba, T.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dahutia%2C+P%2E%22">Dahutia, P.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bhuyan%2C+P%2EK%2E%22">Bhuyan, P.K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moorthy%2C+K%2E+Krishna%22">Moorthy, K. Krishna</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gogoi%2C+M%2EM%2E%22">Gogoi, M.M.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Babu%2C+S%2E+Suresh%22">Babu, S. Suresh</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chutia%2C+L%2E%22">Chutia, L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ajay%2C+P%2E%22">Ajay, P.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Biswas%2C+J%2E%22">Biswas, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bharali%2C+C%2E%22">Bharali, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Borgohain%2C+A%2E%22">Borgohain, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dhar%2C+P%2E%22">Dhar, P.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guha%2C+A%2E%22">Guha, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De%2C+B%2EK%2E%22">De, B.K.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Banik%2C+T%2E%22">Banik, T.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chakraborty%2C+M%2E%22">Chakraborty, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kundu%2C+S%2ES%2E%22">Kundu, S.S.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sudhakar%2C+S%2E%22">Sudhakar, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Singh%2C+S%2EB%2E%22">Singh, S.B.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Atmospheric+Environment%22">Atmospheric Environment</searchLink>. Jan2016 Part B, Vol. 125, p461-473. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aerosol+industry%22">Aerosol industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Climate+change%22">Climate change</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Greenhouse+gases%22">Greenhouse gases</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bay+of+Bengal%22">Bay of Bengal</searchLink>
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  Data: Four years (2010–2014) of spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from 4 Indian Space Research Organisation's ARFINET (Aerosol Radiative Forcing over India) stations (Shillong, Agartala, Imphal and Dibrugarh) in the North-Eastern Region (NER) of India (lying between 22–30°N and 89–98°E) are synthesized to evolve a regional aerosol representation, for the first time. Results show that the columnar AOD (an indicator of the column abundance of aerosols) is highest at Agartala (0.80 ± 0.24) in the west and lowest at Imphal (0.59 ± 0.23) in the east in the pre-monsoon season due to intense anthropogenic bio-mass burning in this region aided by long-range transport from the high aerosol laden regions of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), polluted Bangladesh and Bay of Bengal. In addition to local biogenic aerosols and pollutants emitted from brick kilns, oil/gas fields, household bio-fuel/fossil-fuel, vehicles, industries. Aerosol distribution and climatic impacts show a west to east gradient within the NER. For example, the climatological mean AODs are 0.67 ± 0.26, 0.52 ± 0.14, 0.40 ± 0.17 and 0.41 ± 0.23 respectively in Agartala, Shillong, Imphal and Dibrugarh which are geographically located from west to east within the NER. The average aerosol burden in NER ranks second highest with climatological mean AOD 0.49 ± 0.2 next to the Indo-Gangetic Plains where the climatological mean AOD is 0.64 ± 0.2 followed by the South and South-East Asia region. Elevated aerosol layers are observed over the eastern most stations Dibrugarh and Imphal, while at the western stations the concentrations are high near the surface. The climate implications of aerosols are evaluated in terms of aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) and consequent heating of the atmosphere in the region which follows AOD and exhibit high values in pre-monsoon season at all the locations except in Agartala. The highest ARF in the atmosphere occurs in the pre-monsoon season ranging from 48.6 Wm −2 in Agartala to 25.1 Wm −2 in Imphal. Winter radiative forcing follows that in pre-monsoon season at these locations. The heating rate is high at 1.2 K day −1 and 1.0 K day −1 over Shillong and Dibrugarh respectively in this season. However, Agartala experiences higher surface forcing (−56.5 Wm −2 ) and consequent larger heating of the atmosphere of 1.6 K day −1 in winter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Atmospheric Environment is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=111638968
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.07.038
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 461
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Aerosol industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Climate change
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      – SubjectFull: Greenhouse gases
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      – SubjectFull: Bay of Bengal
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