View in EDS

Identification and mode of formation of hopanoid nitriles in archaeological soils.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Identification and mode of formation of hopanoid nitriles in archaeological soils.
Authors: Adam, Pierre1 padam@unistra.fr, Schaeffer, Philippe1, Schmitt, Gaby1, Bailly, Lucile1, Courel, Blandine1, Fresnais, Margaux1, Fossurier, Carole2,3, Rohmer, Michel4
Source: Organic Geochemistry. Jan2016, Vol. 91, p100-108. 9p.
Subjects: Nitriles, Ring formation (Chemistry), Antiquities, Extraction (Chemistry), Mass spectrometry, Carbon isotopes
Abstract: In the course of investigation of lipid extracts from archaeological soils from two Merovingian tombs (7th Century, Ichtratzheim, France) in an agricultural area, a series of N-containing hopanoids was detected. They were postulated to correspond to C 31 –C 33 hopanoid nitriles on the basis of mass spectrometry. The C 32 homologue was unambiguously identified by comparison with a standard obtained by synthesis. The mode of formation of the compounds was investigated using laboratory simulation experiments involving either N -acetyl-aminobacteriohopanetriol as a model compound representative of bacterial hopanoids with polyfunctionalized side chains, or C 32 hopan-32-al. The experiments led us to propose that the formation of the nitriles from C 35 biohopanoid polyols could result from a two step process involving initially an oxidation step leading to the shortening of the functionalized side chain and a second step during which N is incorporated. In the context of the soils containing archaeological wood remains from tombs and found in an agricultural area, oxidants would certainly be available, notably in the form of O 2 diffusing from the surface or H 2 O 2 produced during wood degradation by wood-rotting fungi. Possible N sources could be residual N from the decomposing body within the tomb or manure and fertilizers used for field amendment. The laboratory experiments also gave a better insight into the diagenetic processes leading to the side chain shortening of the hopanoids. In particular, it could be shown that C 31 hopanoids also derive from tetrafunctionalized hopanoids upon diagenesis and not solely from pentafunctionalized hopanoids as generally suggested in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Organic Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 111828045
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Identification and mode of formation of hopanoid nitriles in archaeological soils.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adam%2C+Pierre%22">Adam, Pierre</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> padam@unistra.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schaeffer%2C+Philippe%22">Schaeffer, Philippe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schmitt%2C+Gaby%22">Schmitt, Gaby</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bailly%2C+Lucile%22">Bailly, Lucile</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Courel%2C+Blandine%22">Courel, Blandine</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fresnais%2C+Margaux%22">Fresnais, Margaux</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fossurier%2C+Carole%22">Fossurier, Carole</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rohmer%2C+Michel%22">Rohmer, Michel</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Organic+Geochemistry%22">Organic Geochemistry</searchLink>. Jan2016, Vol. 91, p100-108. 9p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nitriles%22">Nitriles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ring+formation+%28Chemistry%29%22">Ring formation (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antiquities%22">Antiquities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extraction+%28Chemistry%29%22">Extraction (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mass+spectrometry%22">Mass spectrometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+isotopes%22">Carbon isotopes</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In the course of investigation of lipid extracts from archaeological soils from two Merovingian tombs (7th Century, Ichtratzheim, France) in an agricultural area, a series of N-containing hopanoids was detected. They were postulated to correspond to C 31 –C 33 hopanoid nitriles on the basis of mass spectrometry. The C 32 homologue was unambiguously identified by comparison with a standard obtained by synthesis. The mode of formation of the compounds was investigated using laboratory simulation experiments involving either N -acetyl-aminobacteriohopanetriol as a model compound representative of bacterial hopanoids with polyfunctionalized side chains, or C 32 hopan-32-al. The experiments led us to propose that the formation of the nitriles from C 35 biohopanoid polyols could result from a two step process involving initially an oxidation step leading to the shortening of the functionalized side chain and a second step during which N is incorporated. In the context of the soils containing archaeological wood remains from tombs and found in an agricultural area, oxidants would certainly be available, notably in the form of O 2 diffusing from the surface or H 2 O 2 produced during wood degradation by wood-rotting fungi. Possible N sources could be residual N from the decomposing body within the tomb or manure and fertilizers used for field amendment. The laboratory experiments also gave a better insight into the diagenetic processes leading to the side chain shortening of the hopanoids. In particular, it could be shown that C 31 hopanoids also derive from tetrafunctionalized hopanoids upon diagenesis and not solely from pentafunctionalized hopanoids as generally suggested in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Organic Geochemistry is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=111828045
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.10.013
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 100
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Nitriles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ring formation (Chemistry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Antiquities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Extraction (Chemistry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mass spectrometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon isotopes
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Identification and mode of formation of hopanoid nitriles in archaeological soils.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Adam, Pierre
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Schaeffer, Philippe
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Schmitt, Gaby
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Bailly, Lucile
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Courel, Blandine
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Fresnais, Margaux
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Fossurier, Carole
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Rohmer, Michel
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2016
              Type: published
              Y: 2016
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 01466380
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 91
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Organic Geochemistry
              Type: main
ResultId 1