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Two subpopulations of C rocosphaera watsonii have distinct distributions in the North and South Pacific.

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Title: Two subpopulations of C rocosphaera watsonii have distinct distributions in the North and South Pacific.
Authors: Bench, Shellie R.1, Frank, Ildiko1, Robidart, Julie1,2,3, Zehr, Jonathan P.1,2
Source: Environmental Microbiology. Feb2016, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p514-524. 11p.
Subjects: Cyanobacteria, Biogeochemistry, Phenotypes, Geographical distribution of bacteria
Geographic Terms: Oceania
Abstract: C rocosphaera watsonii is a unicellular nitrogen ( N2)-fixing cyanobacterium with ecological importance in oligotrophic oceans. In cultivated strains there are two phenotypes of C . watsonii (large and small cells) with differences that could differentially impact biogeochemical processes. Recent work has shown the phenotypes diverged through loss or addition of type-specific genes in a fraction of their genomes, whereas the rest of the genomes were maintained at 99-100% DNA identity. Previous molecular assays for C . watsonii abundances targeted the conserved regions and therefore could not differentiate between phenotypes, so their relative distributions in natural communities were unknown. To determine phenotype distributions, this study developed and applied type-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to samples from the North and South Pacific. Abundances of both C rocosphaera types declined sharply with depth between 45 and 75 m in both sites. In surface water small cells were 10-100 times more abundant than large cells in the N. Pacific, whereas in the S. Pacific the two phenotypes were nearly equal. Evidence for large cell aggregation was only found in N. Pacific samples. The differences in C . watsonii sub-populations in the North and South Pacific have direct implications for biogeochemistry and carbon export in oligotrophic gyres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cyanobacteria%22">Cyanobacteria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biogeochemistry%22">Biogeochemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenotypes%22">Phenotypes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geographical+distribution+of+bacteria%22">Geographical distribution of bacteria</searchLink>
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  Data: C rocosphaera watsonii is a unicellular nitrogen ( N2)-fixing cyanobacterium with ecological importance in oligotrophic oceans. In cultivated strains there are two phenotypes of C . watsonii (large and small cells) with differences that could differentially impact biogeochemical processes. Recent work has shown the phenotypes diverged through loss or addition of type-specific genes in a fraction of their genomes, whereas the rest of the genomes were maintained at 99-100% DNA identity. Previous molecular assays for C . watsonii abundances targeted the conserved regions and therefore could not differentiate between phenotypes, so their relative distributions in natural communities were unknown. To determine phenotype distributions, this study developed and applied type-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to samples from the North and South Pacific. Abundances of both C rocosphaera types declined sharply with depth between 45 and 75 m in both sites. In surface water small cells were 10-100 times more abundant than large cells in the N. Pacific, whereas in the S. Pacific the two phenotypes were nearly equal. Evidence for large cell aggregation was only found in N. Pacific samples. The differences in C . watsonii sub-populations in the North and South Pacific have direct implications for biogeochemistry and carbon export in oligotrophic gyres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/1462-2920.13180
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
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      – SubjectFull: Cyanobacteria
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biogeochemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phenotypes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geographical distribution of bacteria
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      – SubjectFull: Oceania
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      – TitleFull: Two subpopulations of C rocosphaera watsonii have distinct distributions in the North and South Pacific.
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              Text: Feb2016
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