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Isolation and structural characterization of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from garlic straw residues.

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Title: Isolation and structural characterization of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from garlic straw residues.
Authors: Kallel, Fatma1 F111fatma@yahoo.fr, Bettaieb, Fedia2,3,4, Khiari, Ramzi2,3,4 Khiari_ramzi2000@yahoo.fr, García, Araceli3,5, Bras, Julien3,4, Chaabouni, Semia Ellouz1,6
Source: Industrial Crops & Products. Sep2016, Vol. 87, p287-296. 10p.
Subjects: Garlic, Cellulose, Straw, Nanocrystals, Plant productivity, Extraction (Chemistry)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the utilization of garlic straw residues as source for the production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Garlic straw (GS) was first purified using chemical alkali extraction (ATGS) and then bleached (BGS) before the production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-GS) by acid hydrolysis (H 2 SO 4 ). The chemical composition of GS was determined according to TAPPI standards and showed that it is composed by 41% wt cellulose, 18% wt hemicelluloses and 6.3% wt lignin, among other components. Then, the obtained fibers were extracted and characterized by several techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed changes in the peaks at 1731, 1556 and 1244 cm −1 , indicating that the alkali treatment partially removed hemicelluloses and lignin from the fiber surface. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were used to investigate the morphology of the produced CNC. The crystallinity index of the GS was 37.4%, and it increased to more than 68% after the acid hydrolysis. The garlic straw had better thermal stability than those of the cellulose obtained after the bleaching treatment and of the nanocrystals isolated following acid hydrolysis. The CNC presented a needle-shaped nature, an average diameter and length of 6 nm and 480 nm, respectively, leading to an aspect ratio of approximately 80. These promising results proved revalue of this by-product for the production of CNC and its potential use as reinforcement in the preparation of nanocomposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Industrial Crops & Products is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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An: 115366508
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  Data: Isolation and structural characterization of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from garlic straw residues.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kallel%2C+Fatma%22">Kallel, Fatma</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> F111fatma@yahoo.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bettaieb%2C+Fedia%22">Bettaieb, Fedia</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khiari%2C+Ramzi%22">Khiari, Ramzi</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3,4</relatesTo><i> Khiari_ramzi2000@yahoo.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22García%2C+Araceli%22">García, Araceli</searchLink><relatesTo>3,5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bras%2C+Julien%22">Bras, Julien</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chaabouni%2C+Semia+Ellouz%22">Chaabouni, Semia Ellouz</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Industrial+Crops+%26+Products%22">Industrial Crops & Products</searchLink>. Sep2016, Vol. 87, p287-296. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Garlic%22">Garlic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellulose%22">Cellulose</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Straw%22">Straw</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanocrystals%22">Nanocrystals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+productivity%22">Plant productivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extraction+%28Chemistry%29%22">Extraction (Chemistry)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The aim of this study was to explore the utilization of garlic straw residues as source for the production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Garlic straw (GS) was first purified using chemical alkali extraction (ATGS) and then bleached (BGS) before the production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-GS) by acid hydrolysis (H 2 SO 4 ). The chemical composition of GS was determined according to TAPPI standards and showed that it is composed by 41% wt cellulose, 18% wt hemicelluloses and 6.3% wt lignin, among other components. Then, the obtained fibers were extracted and characterized by several techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed changes in the peaks at 1731, 1556 and 1244 cm −1 , indicating that the alkali treatment partially removed hemicelluloses and lignin from the fiber surface. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were used to investigate the morphology of the produced CNC. The crystallinity index of the GS was 37.4%, and it increased to more than 68% after the acid hydrolysis. The garlic straw had better thermal stability than those of the cellulose obtained after the bleaching treatment and of the nanocrystals isolated following acid hydrolysis. The CNC presented a needle-shaped nature, an average diameter and length of 6 nm and 480 nm, respectively, leading to an aspect ratio of approximately 80. These promising results proved revalue of this by-product for the production of CNC and its potential use as reinforcement in the preparation of nanocomposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Industrial Crops & Products is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.04.060
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 287
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      – SubjectFull: Garlic
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cellulose
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Straw
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      – SubjectFull: Nanocrystals
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      – SubjectFull: Plant productivity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Extraction (Chemistry)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Isolation and structural characterization of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from garlic straw residues.
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            NameFull: Kallel, Fatma
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            NameFull: Bettaieb, Fedia
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            NameFull: Khiari, Ramzi
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2016
              Type: published
              Y: 2016
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              Value: 87
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