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Biofilms on Hospital Shower Hoses: Characterization and Implications for Nosocomial Infections.

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Title: Biofilms on Hospital Shower Hoses: Characterization and Implications for Nosocomial Infections.
Authors: Soto-Giron, Maria J.1,2, Rodriguez-R, Luis M.1,2, Chengwei Luo2,3, Elk, Michael4, Hodon Ryu5, Hoelle, Jill5, Domingo, Jorge W. Santo5, Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.1,2,3 kostas@ce.gatech.edu
Source: Applied & Environmental Microbiology. May2016, Vol. 82 Issue 9, p2872-2883. 12p.
Subjects: Biofilms, Nosocomial infections, Drinking water microbiology, Disinfection & disinfectants, Water pipelines, Hospitals
Abstract: Although the source of drinking water (DW) used in hospitals is commonly disinfected, biofilms forming on water pipelines are a refuge for bacteria, including possible pathogens that survive different disinfection strategies. These biofilm communities are only beginning to be explored by culture-independent techniques that circumvent the limitations of conventional monitoring efforts. Hence, theories regarding the frequency of opportunistic pathogens in DW biofilms and how biofilm members withstand high doses of disinfectants and/or chlorine residuals in the water supply remain speculative. The aim of this study was to characterize the composition of microbial communities growing on five hospital shower hoses using both 16S rRNA gene sequencing of bacterial isolates and whole-genome shotgun metagenome sequencing. The resulting data revealed a Mycobacterium-like population, closely related to Mycobacterium rhodesiae and Mycobacterium tusciae, to be the predominant taxon in all five samples, and its nearly complete draft genome sequence was recovered. In contrast, the fraction recovered by culture was mostly affiliated with Proteobacteria, including members of the genera Sphingomonas, Blastomonas, and Porphyrobacter. The biofilm community harbored genes related to disinfectant tolerance (2.34% of the total annotated proteins) and a lower abundance of virulence determinants related to colonization and evasion of the host immune system. Additionally, genes potentially conferring resistance to β-lactam, aminoglycoside, amphenicol, and quinolone antibiotics were detected. Collectively, our results underscore the need to understand the microbiome ofDWbiofilms using metagenomic approaches. This information might lead to more robust management practices that minimize the risks associated with exposure to opportunistic pathogens in hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Applied+%26+Environmental+Microbiology%22">Applied & Environmental Microbiology</searchLink>. May2016, Vol. 82 Issue 9, p2872-2883. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biofilms%22">Biofilms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nosocomial+infections%22">Nosocomial infections</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drinking+water+microbiology%22">Drinking water microbiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disinfection+%26+disinfectants%22">Disinfection & disinfectants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+pipelines%22">Water pipelines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hospitals%22">Hospitals</searchLink>
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  Data: Although the source of drinking water (DW) used in hospitals is commonly disinfected, biofilms forming on water pipelines are a refuge for bacteria, including possible pathogens that survive different disinfection strategies. These biofilm communities are only beginning to be explored by culture-independent techniques that circumvent the limitations of conventional monitoring efforts. Hence, theories regarding the frequency of opportunistic pathogens in DW biofilms and how biofilm members withstand high doses of disinfectants and/or chlorine residuals in the water supply remain speculative. The aim of this study was to characterize the composition of microbial communities growing on five hospital shower hoses using both 16S rRNA gene sequencing of bacterial isolates and whole-genome shotgun metagenome sequencing. The resulting data revealed a Mycobacterium-like population, closely related to Mycobacterium rhodesiae and Mycobacterium tusciae, to be the predominant taxon in all five samples, and its nearly complete draft genome sequence was recovered. In contrast, the fraction recovered by culture was mostly affiliated with Proteobacteria, including members of the genera Sphingomonas, Blastomonas, and Porphyrobacter. The biofilm community harbored genes related to disinfectant tolerance (2.34% of the total annotated proteins) and a lower abundance of virulence determinants related to colonization and evasion of the host immune system. Additionally, genes potentially conferring resistance to β-lactam, aminoglycoside, amphenicol, and quinolone antibiotics were detected. Collectively, our results underscore the need to understand the microbiome ofDWbiofilms using metagenomic approaches. This information might lead to more robust management practices that minimize the risks associated with exposure to opportunistic pathogens in hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1128/AEM.03529-15
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      – SubjectFull: Drinking water microbiology
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              Text: May2016
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