Preparation of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates of the low melting and ductile drug ibuprofen: Impact of formulation parameters.

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Title: Preparation of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates of the low melting and ductile drug ibuprofen: Impact of formulation parameters.
Authors: Malamatari, Maria1 maria.malamatari.12@ucl.ac.uk, Somavarapu, Satyanarayana1, Kachrimanis, Kyriakos2, Buckton, Graham1, Taylor, Kevin M.G.1 kevin.taylor@ucl.ac.uk
Source: Powder Technology. Feb2017, Vol. 308, p123-134. 12p.
Subjects: Nanoparticles, Melting points, Ibuprofen, Impact (Mechanics), Size reduction of materials
Abstract: Ductile and low melting point drugs exhibit challenging behaviour during both particle size reduction and spray drying as considerable amount of heat is involved in both processes. In this study, a systematic approach was employed to understand the preparation and in-vitro performance of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates by coupling wet milling and spray drying for ibuprofen, which is a drug with a low melting point and challenging mechanical properties. Wet milling in the presence of two stabilizers differing in their thermal properties and subsequent spray drying of the suspensions were employed after the addition of mannitol and/or leucine. The effects of the stabilizer type and the amounts of mannitol (matrix former) and leucine (dispersibility enhancer), on the yield of the process, the particle size, the redispersibility (i.e. reformation of nanoparticles upon rehydration) and the aerosolization (fine particle fraction, FPF%) of the nanoparticle agglomerates were evaluated using standard least squares model and a 2 3 full factorial design (3 factors at 2 levels plus four centre points). All factors investigated were found to have a significant effect on the yield of nanoparticle agglomerates (p < 0.05). The size of the nanoparticle agglomerates was mainly dependent on the leucine to drug ratio and the type of stabilizer (p < 0.05), while mannitol to drug ratio was the only significant factor affecting the redispersibility of the formulations (p < 0.05). The FPF%, determined using a fast screening impactor, was found to be dependent on both the leucine and mannitol to drug ratio (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates the successful preparation of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates of low melting point and ductile ibuprofen and the usefulness of the design of experiments as a tool to understand the impact of the formulation parameters on their fabrication and in-vitro performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Preparation of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates of the low melting and ductile drug ibuprofen: Impact of formulation parameters.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Powder+Technology%22&quot;&gt;Powder Technology&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Feb2017, Vol. 308, p123-134. 12p.
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  Data: Ductile and low melting point drugs exhibit challenging behaviour during both particle size reduction and spray drying as considerable amount of heat is involved in both processes. In this study, a systematic approach was employed to understand the preparation and in-vitro performance of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates by coupling wet milling and spray drying for ibuprofen, which is a drug with a low melting point and challenging mechanical properties. Wet milling in the presence of two stabilizers differing in their thermal properties and subsequent spray drying of the suspensions were employed after the addition of mannitol and/or leucine. The effects of the stabilizer type and the amounts of mannitol (matrix former) and leucine (dispersibility enhancer), on the yield of the process, the particle size, the redispersibility (i.e. reformation of nanoparticles upon rehydration) and the aerosolization (fine particle fraction, FPF%) of the nanoparticle agglomerates were evaluated using standard least squares model and a 2 3 full factorial design (3 factors at 2 levels plus four centre points). All factors investigated were found to have a significant effect on the yield of nanoparticle agglomerates (p &lt; 0.05). The size of the nanoparticle agglomerates was mainly dependent on the leucine to drug ratio and the type of stabilizer (p &lt; 0.05), while mannitol to drug ratio was the only significant factor affecting the redispersibility of the formulations (p &lt; 0.05). The FPF%, determined using a fast screening impactor, was found to be dependent on both the leucine and mannitol to drug ratio (p &lt; 0.05). This study demonstrates the successful preparation of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates of low melting point and ductile ibuprofen and the usefulness of the design of experiments as a tool to understand the impact of the formulation parameters on their fabrication and in-vitro performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.12.007
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 123
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Melting points
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ibuprofen
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Impact (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Size reduction of materials
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      – TitleFull: Preparation of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates of the low melting and ductile drug ibuprofen: Impact of formulation parameters.
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            NameFull: Malamatari, Maria
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            NameFull: Somavarapu, Satyanarayana
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            NameFull: Kachrimanis, Kyriakos
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              Text: Feb2017
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              Y: 2017
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