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A phosphorus threshold for mycoheterotrophic plants in tropical forests.

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Title: A phosphorus threshold for mycoheterotrophic plants in tropical forests.
Authors: Sheldrake, Merlin1,2 merlinsheldrake@gmail.com, Rosenstock, Nicholas P.3, Revillini, Daniel2,4, Olsson, Pål Axel5, Wright, S. Joseph2, Turner, Benjamin L.2
Source: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2/8/2017, Vol. 284 Issue 1848, p1-9. 9p. 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas, Plant nutrients, Photosynthetic pigments, Tropical forests, Abiotic environment
Abstract: The majority of terrestrial plants associate with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which typically facilitate the uptake of limiting mineral nutrients by plants in exchange for plant carbon. However, hundreds of non-photosynthetic plant species—mycoheterotrophs—depend entirely on AM fungi for carbon as well as mineral nutrition. Mycoheterotrophs can provide insight into the operation and regulation of AM fungal relationships, but little is known about the factors, fungal or otherwise, that affect mycoheterotroph abundance and distribution. In a lowland tropical forest in Panama, we conducted the first systematic investigation into the influence of abiotic factors on the abundance and distribution of mycoheterotrophs, to ask whether the availability of nitrogen and phosphorus altered the occurrence of mycoheterotrophs and their AM fungal partners. Across a natural fertility gradient spanning the isthmus of Panama, and also in a long-term nutrient-addition experiment, mycoheterotrophs were entirely absent when soil exchangeable phosphate concentrations exceeded 2 mg P kg−1. Experimental phosphorus addition reduced the abundance of AM fungi, and also reduced the abundance of the specific AM fungal taxa required by the mycoheterotrophs, suggesting that the phosphorus sensitivity of mycoheterotrophs is underpinned by the phosphorus sensitivity of their AM fungal hosts. The soil phosphorus concentration of 2 mg P kg−1 also corresponds to a marked shift in tree community composition and soil phosphatase activity across the fertility gradient, suggesting that our findings have broad ecological significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences is the property of Royal Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: A phosphorus threshold for mycoheterotrophic plants in tropical forests.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sheldrake%2C+Merlin%22">Sheldrake, Merlin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> merlinsheldrake@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosenstock%2C+Nicholas+P%2E%22">Rosenstock, Nicholas P.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Revillini%2C+Daniel%22">Revillini, Daniel</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Olsson%2C+Pål+Axel%22">Olsson, Pål Axel</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wright%2C+S%2E+Joseph%22">Wright, S. Joseph</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Turner%2C+Benjamin+L%2E%22">Turner, Benjamin L.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+B%3A+Biological+Sciences%22">Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</searchLink>. 2/8/2017, Vol. 284 Issue 1848, p1-9. 9p. 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vesicular-arbuscular+mycorrhizas%22">Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+nutrients%22">Plant nutrients</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photosynthetic+pigments%22">Photosynthetic pigments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tropical+forests%22">Tropical forests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Abiotic+environment%22">Abiotic environment</searchLink>
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  Data: The majority of terrestrial plants associate with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which typically facilitate the uptake of limiting mineral nutrients by plants in exchange for plant carbon. However, hundreds of non-photosynthetic plant species—mycoheterotrophs—depend entirely on AM fungi for carbon as well as mineral nutrition. Mycoheterotrophs can provide insight into the operation and regulation of AM fungal relationships, but little is known about the factors, fungal or otherwise, that affect mycoheterotroph abundance and distribution. In a lowland tropical forest in Panama, we conducted the first systematic investigation into the influence of abiotic factors on the abundance and distribution of mycoheterotrophs, to ask whether the availability of nitrogen and phosphorus altered the occurrence of mycoheterotrophs and their AM fungal partners. Across a natural fertility gradient spanning the isthmus of Panama, and also in a long-term nutrient-addition experiment, mycoheterotrophs were entirely absent when soil exchangeable phosphate concentrations exceeded 2 mg P kg−1. Experimental phosphorus addition reduced the abundance of AM fungi, and also reduced the abundance of the specific AM fungal taxa required by the mycoheterotrophs, suggesting that the phosphorus sensitivity of mycoheterotrophs is underpinned by the phosphorus sensitivity of their AM fungal hosts. The soil phosphorus concentration of 2 mg P kg−1 also corresponds to a marked shift in tree community composition and soil phosphatase activity across the fertility gradient, suggesting that our findings have broad ecological significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences is the property of Royal Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1098/rspb.2016.2093
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Photosynthetic pigments
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      – SubjectFull: Tropical forests
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      – SubjectFull: Abiotic environment
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      – TitleFull: A phosphorus threshold for mycoheterotrophic plants in tropical forests.
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              Text: 2/8/2017
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