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Potential for photogenerated current for silicon based photovoltaic modules in the Atacama Desert.

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Title: Potential for photogenerated current for silicon based photovoltaic modules in the Atacama Desert.
Authors: Ferrada, Pablo1,2 pablo.ferrada@uantof.cl, Marzo, Aitor1,2, Cabrera, Enrique3, Chu, Haifeng3, del Campo, Valeria3,4, Rabanal, Jorge1,3, Diaz-Almeida, Daniel1, Schneider, Andreas3, Kopecek, Radovan3
Source: Solar Energy. Mar2017, Vol. 144, p580-593. 14p.
Subjects: Photovoltaic cells, Photovoltaic effect, Photovoltaic power generation, Solar batteries, Solar spectra
Abstract: In order to evaluate module materials, the maximum theoretical value of the photo-generated current density, was calculated. The calculation was performed for four different solar cells, a standard p-type, passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC), bifacial cell and interdigitated back contact (IBC) considering a solar spectrum of Atacama Desert, the transmittance of several glass-encapsulant-glass structures and quantum efficiency. Regarding the solar spectrum in Atacama, an average air mass (AM) at noon for this location averaged 1.17 and the photovoltaic (PV) modules tilt angle was 20°. When studying the impact of using glass and encapsulants combined with a solar cell under the same solar spectrum, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) with low ultraviolet (UV) cutoff led to the higher current density values, up to 2% higher with the IBC solar cell compared to the other solar cells. The highest current gain, when studying the impact of the two spectra in the 300–1200 nm wavelength range, was 7.4% for the IBC solar cell, obtained with a standard 3.2 mm glass, a thermoplastic material (TM) as encapsulant. Considering the UV part of the spectrum, the current gain was maximized with a glass with an anti reflection coating (ARC) combined with the TM encapsulant for the IBC solar cell (25%). A quantification of losses due to reflection in the glass and absorption in the encapsulant revealed that the glass with ARC and the TM encapsulant different than EVA led to the lowest reflection and absorption losses. In this case, the reflection and absorption came down to 4.8% and 0.9%, respectively, contrasting with the 7% and 2.8% loss produced with the standard glass and EVA encapsulants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Potential for photogenerated current for silicon based photovoltaic modules in the Atacama Desert.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ferrada%2C+Pablo%22">Ferrada, Pablo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> pablo.ferrada@uantof.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marzo%2C+Aitor%22">Marzo, Aitor</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cabrera%2C+Enrique%22">Cabrera, Enrique</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chu%2C+Haifeng%22">Chu, Haifeng</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22del+Campo%2C+Valeria%22">del Campo, Valeria</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rabanal%2C+Jorge%22">Rabanal, Jorge</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Diaz-Almeida%2C+Daniel%22">Diaz-Almeida, Daniel</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schneider%2C+Andreas%22">Schneider, Andreas</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kopecek%2C+Radovan%22">Kopecek, Radovan</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Solar+Energy%22">Solar Energy</searchLink>. Mar2017, Vol. 144, p580-593. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photovoltaic+cells%22">Photovoltaic cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photovoltaic+effect%22">Photovoltaic effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photovoltaic+power+generation%22">Photovoltaic power generation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+batteries%22">Solar batteries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+spectra%22">Solar spectra</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In order to evaluate module materials, the maximum theoretical value of the photo-generated current density, was calculated. The calculation was performed for four different solar cells, a standard p-type, passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC), bifacial cell and interdigitated back contact (IBC) considering a solar spectrum of Atacama Desert, the transmittance of several glass-encapsulant-glass structures and quantum efficiency. Regarding the solar spectrum in Atacama, an average air mass (AM) at noon for this location averaged 1.17 and the photovoltaic (PV) modules tilt angle was 20°. When studying the impact of using glass and encapsulants combined with a solar cell under the same solar spectrum, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) with low ultraviolet (UV) cutoff led to the higher current density values, up to 2% higher with the IBC solar cell compared to the other solar cells. The highest current gain, when studying the impact of the two spectra in the 300–1200 nm wavelength range, was 7.4% for the IBC solar cell, obtained with a standard 3.2 mm glass, a thermoplastic material (TM) as encapsulant. Considering the UV part of the spectrum, the current gain was maximized with a glass with an anti reflection coating (ARC) combined with the TM encapsulant for the IBC solar cell (25%). A quantification of losses due to reflection in the glass and absorption in the encapsulant revealed that the glass with ARC and the TM encapsulant different than EVA led to the lowest reflection and absorption losses. In this case, the reflection and absorption came down to 4.8% and 0.9%, respectively, contrasting with the 7% and 2.8% loss produced with the standard glass and EVA encapsulants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Solar Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.solener.2017.01.053
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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      – SubjectFull: Solar batteries
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      – SubjectFull: Solar spectra
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      – TitleFull: Potential for photogenerated current for silicon based photovoltaic modules in the Atacama Desert.
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              Text: Mar2017
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