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What Makes Telomeres Unique?

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Title: What Makes Telomeres Unique?
Authors: Sieradzan, Adam K.1 adasko@sun1.chem.univ.gda.pl, Krupa, Paweł1,2, Wales, David J.3
Source: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 3/16/2017, Vol. 121 Issue 10, p2207-2219. 13p.
Subjects: Telomeres, Nucleotide sequence, Chromosomes, Candida, Nucleic acids, Molecular dynamics
Abstract: Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences, which are essential for protecting the termini of chromosomes. Thousands of such repetitions are necessary to maintain the stability of the whole chromosome. Several similar repeated telomeric sequences have been found in different species, but why has nature chosen them? What features do telomeres have in common? In this article, we study the physical properties of human-like (TTAGGG), plant (TTTAGG), insect (TTAGG), and Candida guilermondi (GGTGTAC) telomeres in comparison with seven control, nontelomeric sequences. We used steered molecular dynamics with the nucleic acid united residue (NARES) coarse-grained force field, which we compared with the all-atom AMBER14 force field and experimental data. Our results reveal important features in all of the telomeric sequences, including their exceptionally high mechanical resistance and stability to untangling and stretching, compared to those of nontelomeric sequences. We find that the additional stability of the telomeres comes from their ability to form triplex structures and wrap around loose chains of linear DNA by regrabbing the chain. We find that, with slower pulling speed, regrabbing and triplex formation is more frequent. We also found that some of the sequences can form triplexes experimentally, such as TTTTTCCCC, and can mimic telomeric properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sieradzan%2C+Adam+K%2E%22">Sieradzan, Adam K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> adasko@sun1.chem.univ.gda.pl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krupa%2C+Paweł%22">Krupa, Paweł</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wales%2C+David+J%2E%22">Wales, David J.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Physical+Chemistry+B%22">Journal of Physical Chemistry B</searchLink>. 3/16/2017, Vol. 121 Issue 10, p2207-2219. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Telomeres%22">Telomeres</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nucleotide+sequence%22">Nucleotide sequence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chromosomes%22">Chromosomes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Candida%22">Candida</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nucleic+acids%22">Nucleic acids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molecular+dynamics%22">Molecular dynamics</searchLink>
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  Data: Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences, which are essential for protecting the termini of chromosomes. Thousands of such repetitions are necessary to maintain the stability of the whole chromosome. Several similar repeated telomeric sequences have been found in different species, but why has nature chosen them? What features do telomeres have in common? In this article, we study the physical properties of human-like (TTAGGG), plant (TTTAGG), insect (TTAGG), and Candida guilermondi (GGTGTAC) telomeres in comparison with seven control, nontelomeric sequences. We used steered molecular dynamics with the nucleic acid united residue (NARES) coarse-grained force field, which we compared with the all-atom AMBER14 force field and experimental data. Our results reveal important features in all of the telomeric sequences, including their exceptionally high mechanical resistance and stability to untangling and stretching, compared to those of nontelomeric sequences. We find that the additional stability of the telomeres comes from their ability to form triplex structures and wrap around loose chains of linear DNA by regrabbing the chain. We find that, with slower pulling speed, regrabbing and triplex formation is more frequent. We also found that some of the sequences can form triplexes experimentally, such as TTTTTCCCC, and can mimic telomeric properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Physical Chemistry B is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b08780
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 2207
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Telomeres
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nucleotide sequence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chromosomes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Candida
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nucleic acids
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      – SubjectFull: Molecular dynamics
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: What Makes Telomeres Unique?
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            NameFull: Krupa, Paweł
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            NameFull: Wales, David J.
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            – D: 16
              M: 03
              Text: 3/16/2017
              Type: published
              Y: 2017
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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