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Influence of Supply-Channel Velocity on Farm Delivery Meter Gate Flow Measurement.

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Title: Influence of Supply-Channel Velocity on Farm Delivery Meter Gate Flow Measurement.
Authors: Howes, Daniel J.1 djhowes@calpoly.edu, Burt, Charles M.2 cburt@calpoly.edu, Thorburn, John M.3 jthorbur@calpoly.edu
Source: Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Engineering. Jul2017, Vol. 143 Issue 7, p1-6. 6p.
Subjects: Channel flow, Water supply, Calibration, Flow velocity, Irrigation canals & flumes
Abstract: The work presented here is an extension of previous papers that updated the calibration of round (Armco-type) meter gates (three sizes: 0.30, 0.46, and 0.61 m), developed ratings for rectangular gates (two sizes: 0.46 and 0.61 m) on round pipes, and examined errors and uncertainty related to using these devices for water discharge measurement. Previous works examined gate discharge ratings under low supply-channel flow velocity perpendicular to the gate discharge pipeline. Here, additional testing was conducted to test the hypothesis that higher velocities in the supply channel would show decreased meter gate flow compared to the low-velocity ratings, but that the published gate calibration method would still yield accurate flow-rate calculations. All testing was conducted in a test facility with the gate discharge pipe set perpendicular to the supply channel, as is common in field installations. Velocities up to 0.94 m=s (3.1 ft=s) were tested with the smaller gate and 0.66 m=s (2.2 ft=s) for all other gates. These velocities are on the upper end of velocities found in common earthen irrigation canals (and in many lined channels at the farm delivery level) in California. Interestingly, results indicate that the Froude number of the supply-channel flow did not have a statistically significant (at an α-level of 0.01) influence on gate discharge coefficients. Discharge percent error and uncertainty were examined to compare the discharge coefficients presented in the literature to the discharge measured during the testing at different supply-channel velocities. Under recommended operating conditions, the uncertainty was within ±5% without adjustments for supply-channel velocity. This extended work supports earlier recommendations that meter gates can be an accurate flow measurement device for farm water delivery flow measurement if installed and operated correctly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 122639041
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Influence of Supply-Channel Velocity on Farm Delivery Meter Gate Flow Measurement.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Howes%2C+Daniel+J%2E%22">Howes, Daniel J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> djhowes@calpoly.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burt%2C+Charles+M%2E%22">Burt, Charles M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> cburt@calpoly.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thorburn%2C+John+M%2E%22">Thorburn, John M.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> jthorbur@calpoly.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Irrigation+%26+Drainage+Engineering%22">Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Engineering</searchLink>. Jul2017, Vol. 143 Issue 7, p1-6. 6p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Channel+flow%22">Channel flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+supply%22">Water supply</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calibration%22">Calibration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flow+velocity%22">Flow velocity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Irrigation+canals+%26+flumes%22">Irrigation canals & flumes</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The work presented here is an extension of previous papers that updated the calibration of round (Armco-type) meter gates (three sizes: 0.30, 0.46, and 0.61 m), developed ratings for rectangular gates (two sizes: 0.46 and 0.61 m) on round pipes, and examined errors and uncertainty related to using these devices for water discharge measurement. Previous works examined gate discharge ratings under low supply-channel flow velocity perpendicular to the gate discharge pipeline. Here, additional testing was conducted to test the hypothesis that higher velocities in the supply channel would show decreased meter gate flow compared to the low-velocity ratings, but that the published gate calibration method would still yield accurate flow-rate calculations. All testing was conducted in a test facility with the gate discharge pipe set perpendicular to the supply channel, as is common in field installations. Velocities up to 0.94 m=s (3.1 ft=s) were tested with the smaller gate and 0.66 m=s (2.2 ft=s) for all other gates. These velocities are on the upper end of velocities found in common earthen irrigation canals (and in many lined channels at the farm delivery level) in California. Interestingly, results indicate that the Froude number of the supply-channel flow did not have a statistically significant (at an α-level of 0.01) influence on gate discharge coefficients. Discharge percent error and uncertainty were examined to compare the discharge coefficients presented in the literature to the discharge measured during the testing at different supply-channel velocities. Under recommended operating conditions, the uncertainty was within ±5% without adjustments for supply-channel velocity. This extended work supports earlier recommendations that meter gates can be an accurate flow measurement device for farm water delivery flow measurement if installed and operated correctly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001180
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Channel flow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water supply
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Calibration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Flow velocity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Irrigation canals & flumes
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Influence of Supply-Channel Velocity on Farm Delivery Meter Gate Flow Measurement.
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            NameFull: Howes, Daniel J.
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            NameFull: Burt, Charles M.
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            NameFull: Thorburn, John M.
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2017
              Type: published
              Y: 2017
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              Value: 143
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