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A parametric study on the influence of boundary conditions on the longitudinal pressure gradient in CFD simulations of an automotive wind tunnel.

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Title: A parametric study on the influence of boundary conditions on the longitudinal pressure gradient in CFD simulations of an automotive wind tunnel.
Authors: Ljungskog, Emil1, Sebben, Simone1, Broniewicz, Alexander2, Landström, Christoffer2
Source: Journal of Mechanical Science & Technology. Jun2017, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p2821-2827. 7p.
Subjects: Boundary layer (Aerodynamics), Computational fluid dynamics, Automobiles, Parametric modeling, Geometric analysis, Volvo automobiles, Wind tunnel testing
Abstract: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an important and extensively used tool for aerodynamic development in the vehicle industry today. Validation of virtual methods by comparison to wind tunnel experiments is a must because manufacturers aim to substitute physical tests on prototype vehicles with virtual simulations. An appropriate validation can be performed only if the wind tunnel geometry with representative boundary conditions is included in the numerical simulation, and if the flow of the empty wind tunnel is accurately predicted. One of the important flow parameters to predict is the longitudinal pressure distribution in the test section, which is dependent on both the wind tunnel geometry and the settings of the boundary layer control systems. This study investigates the effects of flow angularity at the inlet and different boundary layer control systems, namely, basic scoop suction, distributed suction, and moving belts, on the longitudinal pressure distribution in the full-scale aerodynamic wind tunnel of Volvo Cars using CFD and a systematic design of experiments approach. The study shows that the different suction systems used to reduce boundary layer thickness upstream of the vehicle have statistically significant effects on the longitudinal pressure distribution in the test section. However, the estimated drag difference induced on a typical vehicle by the difference in horizontal buoyancy between the tested settings is within the test-to-test uncertainty of the physical wind tunnel, thereby leading to the conclusion that force calculations in simulations are fairly insensitive to the tested parameters on the investigated intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Mechanical Science & Technology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A parametric study on the influence of boundary conditions on the longitudinal pressure gradient in CFD simulations of an automotive wind tunnel.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Boundary+layer+%28Aerodynamics%29%22">Boundary layer (Aerodynamics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computational+fluid+dynamics%22">Computational fluid dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Automobiles%22">Automobiles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parametric+modeling%22">Parametric modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geometric+analysis%22">Geometric analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Volvo+automobiles%22">Volvo automobiles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wind+tunnel+testing%22">Wind tunnel testing</searchLink>
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  Data: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an important and extensively used tool for aerodynamic development in the vehicle industry today. Validation of virtual methods by comparison to wind tunnel experiments is a must because manufacturers aim to substitute physical tests on prototype vehicles with virtual simulations. An appropriate validation can be performed only if the wind tunnel geometry with representative boundary conditions is included in the numerical simulation, and if the flow of the empty wind tunnel is accurately predicted. One of the important flow parameters to predict is the longitudinal pressure distribution in the test section, which is dependent on both the wind tunnel geometry and the settings of the boundary layer control systems. This study investigates the effects of flow angularity at the inlet and different boundary layer control systems, namely, basic scoop suction, distributed suction, and moving belts, on the longitudinal pressure distribution in the full-scale aerodynamic wind tunnel of Volvo Cars using CFD and a systematic design of experiments approach. The study shows that the different suction systems used to reduce boundary layer thickness upstream of the vehicle have statistically significant effects on the longitudinal pressure distribution in the test section. However, the estimated drag difference induced on a typical vehicle by the difference in horizontal buoyancy between the tested settings is within the test-to-test uncertainty of the physical wind tunnel, thereby leading to the conclusion that force calculations in simulations are fairly insensitive to the tested parameters on the investigated intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Mechanical Science & Technology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s12206-017-0525-2
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Automobiles
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      – SubjectFull: Geometric analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Volvo automobiles
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            NameFull: Ljungskog, Emil
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            NameFull: Sebben, Simone
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              Text: Jun2017
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