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Electrical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Bulk BiSe Topological Insulator.

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Title: Electrical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Bulk BiSe Topological Insulator.
Authors: Sultana, Rabia, Awana, Geet, Pal, Banabir1, Maheshwari, P., Mishra, Monu, Gupta, Govind, Gupta, Anurag, Thirupathaiah, S.1, S. Awana, V. awana@nplindia.org
Source: Journal of Superconductivity & Novel Magnetism. Aug2017, Vol. 30 Issue 8, p2031-2036. 6p.
Subjects: Topological insulators, Semiconductor characterization, Magnetoresistance measurement, Hall effect, Photoelectron spectroscopy
Abstract: We report the electrical (angular magneto-resistance and Hall), thermal (heat capacity) and spectroscopic (Raman, X-ray photoelectron, angle-resolved photoelectron) characterization of a bulk BiSe topological insulator, which was grown by self-flux method through solid-state reaction from high-temperature (950C) melt and slow cooling (2C/h) of constituent elements. BiSe exhibited metallic behaviour down to 5 K. Magneto-transport measurements revealed linear up to 400 and 30% magneto-resistance (MR) at 5 K under a 14-T field in perpendicular and parallel field directions, respectively. We noticed that the MR of BiSe is very sensitive to the angle of the applied field. The MR is maximum when the field is normal to the sample surface, while it is minimum when the field is parallel. The Hall coefficient ( R ) is seen nearly invariant with a negative carrier sign down to 5 K albeit having near-periodic oscillations above 100 K. The heat capacity ( C ) versus temperature plot is seen without any phase transitions down to 5 K and is well fitted ( C = γ T + β T ) at low temperature with a calculated Debye temperature ( 휃 ) value of 105.5 K. Clear Raman peaks are seen at 72, 131 and 177 cm corresponding to A $_{\mathrm {1g}}^{1}$ , E $_{\mathrm {g}}^{2}$ and A $_{1\mathrm {g}}^{2}$ , respectively. Though two distinct asymmetric characteristic peak shapes are seen for Bi 4f and Bi 4f, the Se 3d region is found to be broad, displaying the overlapping of spin-orbit components of the same. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data of BiSe revealed distinctly the bulk conduction bands (BCB), surface state (SS), Dirac point (DP) and bulk valence bands (BVB), and 3D bulk conduction signatures are clearly seen. Summarily, a host of physical properties for the as-grown BiSe crystal are reported here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Superconductivity & Novel Magnetism is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Electrical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Bulk BiSe Topological Insulator.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sultana%2C+Rabia%22">Sultana, Rabia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Awana%2C+Geet%22">Awana, Geet</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pal%2C+Banabir%22">Pal, Banabir</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maheshwari%2C+P%2E%22">Maheshwari, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mishra%2C+Monu%22">Mishra, Monu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gupta%2C+Govind%22">Gupta, Govind</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gupta%2C+Anurag%22">Gupta, Anurag</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thirupathaiah%2C+S%2E%22">Thirupathaiah, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22S%2E+Awana%2C+V%2E%22">S. Awana, V.</searchLink><i> awana@nplindia.org</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Superconductivity+%26+Novel+Magnetism%22">Journal of Superconductivity & Novel Magnetism</searchLink>. Aug2017, Vol. 30 Issue 8, p2031-2036. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Topological+insulators%22">Topological insulators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Semiconductor+characterization%22">Semiconductor characterization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetoresistance+measurement%22">Magnetoresistance measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hall+effect%22">Hall effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photoelectron+spectroscopy%22">Photoelectron spectroscopy</searchLink>
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  Data: We report the electrical (angular magneto-resistance and Hall), thermal (heat capacity) and spectroscopic (Raman, X-ray photoelectron, angle-resolved photoelectron) characterization of a bulk BiSe topological insulator, which was grown by self-flux method through solid-state reaction from high-temperature (950C) melt and slow cooling (2C/h) of constituent elements. BiSe exhibited metallic behaviour down to 5 K. Magneto-transport measurements revealed linear up to 400 and 30% magneto-resistance (MR) at 5 K under a 14-T field in perpendicular and parallel field directions, respectively. We noticed that the MR of BiSe is very sensitive to the angle of the applied field. The MR is maximum when the field is normal to the sample surface, while it is minimum when the field is parallel. The Hall coefficient ( R ) is seen nearly invariant with a negative carrier sign down to 5 K albeit having near-periodic oscillations above 100 K. The heat capacity ( C ) versus temperature plot is seen without any phase transitions down to 5 K and is well fitted ( C = γ T + β T ) at low temperature with a calculated Debye temperature ( 휃 ) value of 105.5 K. Clear Raman peaks are seen at 72, 131 and 177 cm corresponding to A $_{\mathrm {1g}}^{1}$ , E $_{\mathrm {g}}^{2}$ and A $_{1\mathrm {g}}^{2}$ , respectively. Though two distinct asymmetric characteristic peak shapes are seen for Bi 4f and Bi 4f, the Se 3d region is found to be broad, displaying the overlapping of spin-orbit components of the same. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data of BiSe revealed distinctly the bulk conduction bands (BCB), surface state (SS), Dirac point (DP) and bulk valence bands (BVB), and 3D bulk conduction signatures are clearly seen. Summarily, a host of physical properties for the as-grown BiSe crystal are reported here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Superconductivity & Novel Magnetism is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 2031
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      – SubjectFull: Topological insulators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Semiconductor characterization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetoresistance measurement
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      – SubjectFull: Hall effect
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photoelectron spectroscopy
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              Text: Aug2017
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