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Pesticides and bees: Ecological-economic modelling of bee populations on farmland.

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Title: Pesticides and bees: Ecological-economic modelling of bee populations on farmland.
Authors: Kleczkowski, Adam1 ak@maths.stir.ac.uk, Ellis, Ciaran1, Hanley, Nick2, Goulson, David3
Source: Ecological Modelling. Sep2017, Vol. 360, p53-62. 10p.
Subjects: Pesticides, Agricultural chemicals, Pollination, Plant fertilization, Hymenoptera, Insect societies
Abstract: Production of insect-pollinated crops typically relies on both pesticide use and pollination, leading to a potential conflict between these two inputs. In this paper we combine ecological modelling with economic analysis to investigate the effects of pesticide use on wild and commercial bees, whilst allowing farmers to partly offset the negative effects of pesticides on bee populations by creating more on-farm bee habitat. Farmers have incentives to invest in creating wild bee habitat to increase pollination inputs due to the contribution this makes to yields. However, the optimal allocation of on-farm habitat strongly depends on the negative effects of pesticides, with a threshold-like behaviour at a critical level of the impairment. When this threshold is crossed, the population of wild bees becomes locally extinct and their availability to pollinate breaks down. We show that availability of commercial bees masks this decrease in pollination services which would otherwise incentivise farmers to conserve the wild pollinator population. Indeed, if commercial bees are available, optimum profit may be achieved by providing no habitat at all for wild bees, and allowing these wild pollinators to go extinct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ecological Modelling is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 124877865
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Pesticides and bees: Ecological-economic modelling of bee populations on farmland.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kleczkowski%2C+Adam%22">Kleczkowski, Adam</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> ak@maths.stir.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ellis%2C+Ciaran%22">Ellis, Ciaran</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hanley%2C+Nick%22">Hanley, Nick</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goulson%2C+David%22">Goulson, David</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ecological+Modelling%22">Ecological Modelling</searchLink>. Sep2017, Vol. 360, p53-62. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pesticides%22">Pesticides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agricultural+chemicals%22">Agricultural chemicals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pollination%22">Pollination</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+fertilization%22">Plant fertilization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hymenoptera%22">Hymenoptera</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insect+societies%22">Insect societies</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Production of insect-pollinated crops typically relies on both pesticide use and pollination, leading to a potential conflict between these two inputs. In this paper we combine ecological modelling with economic analysis to investigate the effects of pesticide use on wild and commercial bees, whilst allowing farmers to partly offset the negative effects of pesticides on bee populations by creating more on-farm bee habitat. Farmers have incentives to invest in creating wild bee habitat to increase pollination inputs due to the contribution this makes to yields. However, the optimal allocation of on-farm habitat strongly depends on the negative effects of pesticides, with a threshold-like behaviour at a critical level of the impairment. When this threshold is crossed, the population of wild bees becomes locally extinct and their availability to pollinate breaks down. We show that availability of commercial bees masks this decrease in pollination services which would otherwise incentivise farmers to conserve the wild pollinator population. Indeed, if commercial bees are available, optimum profit may be achieved by providing no habitat at all for wild bees, and allowing these wild pollinators to go extinct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Ecological Modelling is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.06.008
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 53
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      – SubjectFull: Pesticides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Agricultural chemicals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pollination
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant fertilization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hymenoptera
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insect societies
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Pesticides and bees: Ecological-economic modelling of bee populations on farmland.
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            NameFull: Ellis, Ciaran
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            NameFull: Hanley, Nick
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            – D: 24
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2017
              Type: published
              Y: 2017
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              Value: 360
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            – TitleFull: Ecological Modelling
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