AAPM TG 158: Measurement and calculation of doses outside the treated volume from external-beam radiation therapy.
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| Title: | AAPM TG 158: Measurement and calculation of doses outside the treated volume from external-beam radiation therapy. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Kry, Stephen F.1 sfkry@mdanderson.org, Bednarz, Bryan2, Howell, Rebecca M.1, Dauer, Larry3, Followill, David1, Klein, Eric4, Paganetti, Harald5, Wang, Brian6, Wuu, Cheng ‐ Shie7, George Xu, X.8 |
| Source: | Medical Physics. Oct2017, Vol. 44 Issue 10, pe391-e429. 39p. 1 Color Photograph, 3 Charts, 15 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Cancer radiotherapy, Radiation doses, Medical physics, Physicists, Radiation dosimetry |
| Abstract: | The introduction of advanced techniques and technology in radiotherapy has greatly improved our ability to deliver highly conformal tumor doses while minimizing the dose to adjacent organs at risk. Despite these tremendous improvements, there remains a general concern about doses to normal tissues that are not the target of the radiation treatment; any “nontarget” radiation should be minimized as it offers no therapeutic benefit. As patients live longer after treatment, there is increased opportunity for late effects including second cancers and cardiac toxicity to manifest. Complicating the management of these issues, there are unique challenges with measuring, calculating, reducing, and reporting nontarget doses that many medical physicists may have limited experience with. Treatment planning systems become dramatically inaccurate outside the treatment field, necessitating a measurement or some other means of assessing the dose. However, measurements are challenging because outside the treatment field, the radiation energy spectrum, dose rate, and general shape of the dose distribution (particularly the percent depth dose) are very different and often require special consideration. Neutron dosimetry is also particularly challenging, and common errors in methodology can easily manifest as errors of several orders of magnitude. Task Group 158 was, therefore, formed to provide guidance for physicists in terms of assessing and managing nontarget doses. In particular, the report: (a) highlights major concerns with nontarget radiation; (b) provides a rough estimate of doses associated with different treatment approaches in clinical practice; (c) discusses the uses of dosimeters for measuring photon, electron, and neutron doses; (d) discusses the use of calculation techniques for dosimetric evaluations; (e) highlights techniques that may be considered for reducing nontarget doses; (f) discusses dose reporting; and (g) makes recommendations for both clinical and research practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Medical Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 126251716 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: AAPM TG 158: Measurement and calculation of doses outside the treated volume from external-beam radiation therapy. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kry%2C+Stephen+F%2E%22">Kry, Stephen F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> sfkry@mdanderson.org</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bednarz%2C+Bryan%22">Bednarz, Bryan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Howell%2C+Rebecca+M%2E%22">Howell, Rebecca M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dauer%2C+Larry%22">Dauer, Larry</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Followill%2C+David%22">Followill, David</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Klein%2C+Eric%22">Klein, Eric</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Paganetti%2C+Harald%22">Paganetti, Harald</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Brian%22">Wang, Brian</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wuu%2C+Cheng+‐+Shie%22">Wuu, Cheng ‐ Shie</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22George+Xu%2C+X%2E%22">George Xu, X.</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Medical+Physics%22">Medical Physics</searchLink>. Oct2017, Vol. 44 Issue 10, pe391-e429. 39p. 1 Color Photograph, 3 Charts, 15 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cancer+radiotherapy%22">Cancer radiotherapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radiation+doses%22">Radiation doses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+physics%22">Medical physics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physicists%22">Physicists</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radiation+dosimetry%22">Radiation dosimetry</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The introduction of advanced techniques and technology in radiotherapy has greatly improved our ability to deliver highly conformal tumor doses while minimizing the dose to adjacent organs at risk. Despite these tremendous improvements, there remains a general concern about doses to normal tissues that are not the target of the radiation treatment; any “nontarget” radiation should be minimized as it offers no therapeutic benefit. As patients live longer after treatment, there is increased opportunity for late effects including second cancers and cardiac toxicity to manifest. Complicating the management of these issues, there are unique challenges with measuring, calculating, reducing, and reporting nontarget doses that many medical physicists may have limited experience with. Treatment planning systems become dramatically inaccurate outside the treatment field, necessitating a measurement or some other means of assessing the dose. However, measurements are challenging because outside the treatment field, the radiation energy spectrum, dose rate, and general shape of the dose distribution (particularly the percent depth dose) are very different and often require special consideration. Neutron dosimetry is also particularly challenging, and common errors in methodology can easily manifest as errors of several orders of magnitude. Task Group 158 was, therefore, formed to provide guidance for physicists in terms of assessing and managing nontarget doses. In particular, the report: (a) highlights major concerns with nontarget radiation; (b) provides a rough estimate of doses associated with different treatment approaches in clinical practice; (c) discusses the uses of dosimeters for measuring photon, electron, and neutron doses; (d) discusses the use of calculation techniques for dosimetric evaluations; (e) highlights techniques that may be considered for reducing nontarget doses; (f) discusses dose reporting; and (g) makes recommendations for both clinical and research practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Medical Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1002/mp.12462 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 39 StartPage: e391 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Cancer radiotherapy Type: general – SubjectFull: Radiation doses Type: general – SubjectFull: Medical physics Type: general – SubjectFull: Physicists Type: general – SubjectFull: Radiation dosimetry Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: AAPM TG 158: Measurement and calculation of doses outside the treated volume from external-beam radiation therapy. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kry, Stephen F. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bednarz, Bryan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Howell, Rebecca M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Dauer, Larry – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Followill, David – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Klein, Eric – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Paganetti, Harald – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wang, Brian – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wuu, Cheng ‐ Shie – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: George Xu, X. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 10 Text: Oct2017 Type: published Y: 2017 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00942405 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 44 – Type: issue Value: 10 Titles: – TitleFull: Medical Physics Type: main |
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