Maculinea rebeli ( Hirschke) - a phantom or reality? Novel contribution to a long-standing debate over the taxonomic status of an enigmatic Lycaenidae butterfly.

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Title: Maculinea rebeli ( Hirschke) - a phantom or reality? Novel contribution to a long-standing debate over the taxonomic status of an enigmatic Lycaenidae butterfly.
Authors: BERECZKI, J. U. D. I. T.1,2 bereczki.judit@gmail.com, PECSENYE, K. A. T. A. L. I. N.1, VARGA, ZOLTÁN1, TARTALLY, ANDRÁS1, TÓTH, JÁNOS P.3
Source: Systematic Entomology. Jan2018, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p166-182. 18p.
Subjects: Lycaenidae, Insect phylogeny, Butterflies, Insect genetics, Myrmecophila, Classification of insects, Insect conservation, Insect ecology, Identification
Abstract: The main goal of our research was to carry out a comprehensive study on the obligatorily myrmecophilous Maculinea alcon ( Denis & Schiffermüller) whose taxonomy has remained highly debated despite the fact that Maculinea Van Eecke species are some of the most intensively studied insects in Europe. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between the different forms exploiting different ecological environments with specific regard to ' Hirschke's rebeli' ( M. rebeli ( Hirschke)) from the high altitudes of the Styrian Alps which was studied in this respect for the first time. Molecular analyses including multiple gene sequences, microsatellites and allozymes completed with Wolbachia screening, together with geometric morphometry were applied on various sets of samples. Our results showed that ' rebeli' from the type locality differed strongly from all other samples not only at the highly variable microsatellites, but also at standard genes and clearly represents a well-separated unit (potentially subspecies) within M. alcon. As all individuals were infected with a single Wolbachia strain, this is possibly an ancient infection with high maternal transmission rate. It also suggests that the separation of the topotypic populations was probably a relatively recent event which could have been promoted by genetic drift or specific conditions at high altitudes, and maintained by restricted gene flow. Both the genetic and the morphometric studies supported the proposition that the geographical origin of the populations has a higher effect on the structure of variation than the food plant use. Moreover, we detected more genetic lineages than could be defined by differential host plant usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Systematic Entomology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Maculinea rebeli ( Hirschke) - a phantom or reality? Novel contribution to a long-standing debate over the taxonomic status of an enigmatic Lycaenidae butterfly.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Systematic+Entomology%22">Systematic Entomology</searchLink>. Jan2018, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p166-182. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lycaenidae%22">Lycaenidae</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insect+phylogeny%22">Insect phylogeny</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Butterflies%22">Butterflies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insect+genetics%22">Insect genetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Myrmecophila%22">Myrmecophila</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Classification+of+insects%22">Classification of insects</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insect+conservation%22">Insect conservation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insect+ecology%22">Insect ecology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Identification%22">Identification</searchLink>
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  Data: The main goal of our research was to carry out a comprehensive study on the obligatorily myrmecophilous Maculinea alcon ( Denis & Schiffermüller) whose taxonomy has remained highly debated despite the fact that Maculinea Van Eecke species are some of the most intensively studied insects in Europe. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between the different forms exploiting different ecological environments with specific regard to ' Hirschke's rebeli' ( M. rebeli ( Hirschke)) from the high altitudes of the Styrian Alps which was studied in this respect for the first time. Molecular analyses including multiple gene sequences, microsatellites and allozymes completed with Wolbachia screening, together with geometric morphometry were applied on various sets of samples. Our results showed that ' rebeli' from the type locality differed strongly from all other samples not only at the highly variable microsatellites, but also at standard genes and clearly represents a well-separated unit (potentially subspecies) within M. alcon. As all individuals were infected with a single Wolbachia strain, this is possibly an ancient infection with high maternal transmission rate. It also suggests that the separation of the topotypic populations was probably a relatively recent event which could have been promoted by genetic drift or specific conditions at high altitudes, and maintained by restricted gene flow. Both the genetic and the morphometric studies supported the proposition that the geographical origin of the populations has a higher effect on the structure of variation than the food plant use. Moreover, we detected more genetic lineages than could be defined by differential host plant usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Systematic Entomology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – SubjectFull: Lycaenidae
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insect phylogeny
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      – SubjectFull: Butterflies
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      – SubjectFull: Myrmecophila
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      – SubjectFull: Insect conservation
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      – SubjectFull: Identification
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      – TitleFull: Maculinea rebeli ( Hirschke) - a phantom or reality? Novel contribution to a long-standing debate over the taxonomic status of an enigmatic Lycaenidae butterfly.
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              Text: Jan2018
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