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Hydroxyapatite Crystal Thickness and Buckling Phenomenon in Bone Nanostructure During Mechanical Tests.

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Title: Hydroxyapatite Crystal Thickness and Buckling Phenomenon in Bone Nanostructure During Mechanical Tests.
Authors: Vordos, N.1 vordosn@yahoo.com, Drosos, G.2, Kazanidis, I.1, Ververidis, A.2, Ypsilantis, P.3, Kazakos, K.2, Simopoulos, C.3, Mitropoulos, A. Ch.1, Touloupidis, S.4
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering. Apr2018, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p627-639. 13p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Hydroxyapatite, Crystal structure, Bone mechanics, Nanostructured materials, Hysteresis loop, Laboratory rabbits
Abstract: An investigation of bone samples taken from the left ulna of New Zealand white rabbits, with and without stresses and hysteresis loop, was undertaken using Small Angle X-ray Scattering technique. The purpose of this study is to investigate the nanostructural changes in the mean size of hydroxyapatite crystals thickness (T) during different mechanical conditions. The experiments were performed using bone samples aged 2 and 4 weeks, with and without strontium ranelate treatment, after compressive load and hysteresis loop. We did not observe any clear effects of strontium ranelate on the bones since the MANOVA test for epiphysis and diaphysis were found. On the other hand, a significant difference appears in epiphysis between 2 and 4 weeks. Furthermore, a reduction in the mean size of hydroxyapatite crystal thickness was observed when the loading pressure force increased, due to the buckling phenomenon. A return of memory points in the elastic region of the bone was observed. The significance of these results lays on the development of nanoproducts, with properties that are closer to the actual bone structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Annals of Biomedical Engineering is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vordos%2C+N%2E%22">Vordos, N.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> vordosn@yahoo.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Drosos%2C+G%2E%22">Drosos, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kazanidis%2C+I%2E%22">Kazanidis, I.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ververidis%2C+A%2E%22">Ververidis, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ypsilantis%2C+P%2E%22">Ypsilantis, P.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kazakos%2C+K%2E%22">Kazakos, K.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Simopoulos%2C+C%2E%22">Simopoulos, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mitropoulos%2C+A%2E+Ch%2E%22">Mitropoulos, A. Ch.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Touloupidis%2C+S%2E%22">Touloupidis, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering%22">Annals of Biomedical Engineering</searchLink>. Apr2018, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p627-639. 13p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydroxyapatite%22">Hydroxyapatite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crystal+structure%22">Crystal structure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bone+mechanics%22">Bone mechanics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanostructured+materials%22">Nanostructured materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hysteresis+loop%22">Hysteresis loop</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laboratory+rabbits%22">Laboratory rabbits</searchLink>
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  Data: An investigation of bone samples taken from the left ulna of New Zealand white rabbits, with and without stresses and hysteresis loop, was undertaken using Small Angle X-ray Scattering technique. The purpose of this study is to investigate the nanostructural changes in the mean size of hydroxyapatite crystals thickness (<italic>T</italic>) during different mechanical conditions. The experiments were performed using bone samples aged 2 and 4 weeks, with and without strontium ranelate treatment, after compressive load and hysteresis loop. We did not observe any clear effects of strontium ranelate on the bones since the MANOVA test for epiphysis and diaphysis were found. On the other hand, a significant difference appears in epiphysis between 2 and 4 weeks. Furthermore, a reduction in the mean size of hydroxyapatite crystal thickness was observed when the loading pressure force increased, due to the buckling phenomenon. A return of memory points in the elastic region of the bone was observed. The significance of these results lays on the development of nanoproducts, with properties that are closer to the actual bone structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Annals of Biomedical Engineering is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Apr2018
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