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An Active Diode Full-Wave Charge Pump for Low Acceleration Infrastructure-Based Non-Periodic Vibration Energy Harvesting.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	An Active Diode Full-Wave Charge Pump for Low Acceleration Infrastructure-Based Non-Periodic Vibration Energy Harvesting.
Authors:	Mccullagh, James¹
Source:	IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers. May2018, Vol. 65 Issue 5, p1758-1770. 13p.
Subjects:	Full-wave rectifiers, On-chip charge pumps, Acceleration (Mechanics), Diodes, Energy harvesting, Interface circuits, Equipment & supplies
Abstract:	An active diode IC-based full-wave charge pump is presented. It interfaces to a vibration harvester designed for low acceleration non-periodic bridge vibrations. The charge pump’s unique architecture uses only two comparators to switch the charge pump’s eight stages. This architecture reduces power and allows for a novel passive diode switching technique that also enables a reduction in the turn-on voltage. This switching technique initially functions based only on the AC input without a DC supply. This architecture is used to enable cold start-up using the charge pump’s external 100~\mu \textF capacitors. These large capacitors create a stable power supply for start-up from one low voltage AC input based off of bridge vibrations that are random and infrequent. Its rectification circuitry is fabricated in 180 nm CMOS on a 1.2 mm2 die. The circuit inputs, generated using a shaker table, are periodic sine-waves or non-periodic mechanical frequency up-converted vibration harvester outputs. Measurements show that the diode drop reduction allows cold start-up and boosting to >1.5 V with low power ( \sim 8.5~\mu \textW ) non-periodic harvester outputs or 220 mV open circuit voltage periodic (~100 Hz) inputs. This IC demonstrates ~50% efficiency with an up-conversion-based harvester and \sim 1~\mu \textW active power dissipation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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Database:	Engineering Source

Description
Abstract:	An active diode IC-based full-wave charge pump is presented. It interfaces to a vibration harvester designed for low acceleration non-periodic bridge vibrations. The charge pump’s unique architecture uses only two comparators to switch the charge pump’s eight stages. This architecture reduces power and allows for a novel passive diode switching technique that also enables a reduction in the turn-on voltage. This switching technique initially functions based only on the AC input without a DC supply. This architecture is used to enable cold start-up using the charge pump’s external 100~\mu \textF capacitors. These large capacitors create a stable power supply for start-up from one low voltage AC input based off of bridge vibrations that are random and infrequent. Its rectification circuitry is fabricated in 180 nm CMOS on a 1.2 mm2 die. The circuit inputs, generated using a shaker table, are periodic sine-waves or non-periodic mechanical frequency up-converted vibration harvester outputs. Measurements show that the diode drop reduction allows cold start-up and boosting to >1.5 V with low power ( \sim 8.5~\mu \textW ) non-periodic harvester outputs or 220 mV open circuit voltage periodic (~100 Hz) inputs. This IC demonstrates ~50% efficiency with an up-conversion-based harvester and \sim 1~\mu \textW active power dissipation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
ISSN:	15498328
DOI:	10.1109/TCSI.2017.2764878