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An Active Diode Full-Wave Charge Pump for Low Acceleration Infrastructure-Based Non-Periodic Vibration Energy Harvesting.

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Title: An Active Diode Full-Wave Charge Pump for Low Acceleration Infrastructure-Based Non-Periodic Vibration Energy Harvesting.
Authors: Mccullagh, James1
Source: IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers. May2018, Vol. 65 Issue 5, p1758-1770. 13p.
Subjects: Full-wave rectifiers, On-chip charge pumps, Acceleration (Mechanics), Diodes, Energy harvesting, Interface circuits, Equipment & supplies
Abstract: An active diode IC-based full-wave charge pump is presented. It interfaces to a vibration harvester designed for low acceleration non-periodic bridge vibrations. The charge pump’s unique architecture uses only two comparators to switch the charge pump’s eight stages. This architecture reduces power and allows for a novel passive diode switching technique that also enables a reduction in the turn-on voltage. This switching technique initially functions based only on the AC input without a DC supply. This architecture is used to enable cold start-up using the charge pump’s external 100~\mu \textF capacitors. These large capacitors create a stable power supply for start-up from one low voltage AC input based off of bridge vibrations that are random and infrequent. Its rectification circuitry is fabricated in 180 nm CMOS on a 1.2 mm2 die. The circuit inputs, generated using a shaker table, are periodic sine-waves or non-periodic mechanical frequency up-converted vibration harvester outputs. Measurements show that the diode drop reduction allows cold start-up and boosting to >1.5 V with low power ( \sim 8.5~\mu \textW ) non-periodic harvester outputs or 220 mV open circuit voltage periodic (~100 Hz) inputs. This IC demonstrates ~50% efficiency with an up-conversion-based harvester and \sim 1~\mu \textW active power dissipation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 128843407
AccessLevel: 6
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  Data: An Active Diode Full-Wave Charge Pump for Low Acceleration Infrastructure-Based Non-Periodic Vibration Energy Harvesting.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22IEEE+Transactions+on+Circuits+%26+Systems%2E+Part+I%3A+Regular+Papers%22">IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers</searchLink>. May2018, Vol. 65 Issue 5, p1758-1770. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Full-wave+rectifiers%22">Full-wave rectifiers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22On-chip+charge+pumps%22">On-chip charge pumps</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acceleration+%28Mechanics%29%22">Acceleration (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diodes%22">Diodes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+harvesting%22">Energy harvesting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interface+circuits%22">Interface circuits</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Equipment+%26+supplies%22">Equipment & supplies</searchLink>
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  Data: An active diode IC-based full-wave charge pump is presented. It interfaces to a vibration harvester designed for low acceleration non-periodic bridge vibrations. The charge pump’s unique architecture uses only two comparators to switch the charge pump’s eight stages. This architecture reduces power and allows for a novel passive diode switching technique that also enables a reduction in the turn-on voltage. This switching technique initially functions based only on the AC input without a DC supply. This architecture is used to enable cold start-up using the charge pump’s external 100~\mu \textF capacitors. These large capacitors create a stable power supply for start-up from one low voltage AC input based off of bridge vibrations that are random and infrequent. Its rectification circuitry is fabricated in 180 nm CMOS on a 1.2 mm2 die. The circuit inputs, generated using a shaker table, are periodic sine-waves or non-periodic mechanical frequency up-converted vibration harvester outputs. Measurements show that the diode drop reduction allows cold start-up and boosting to >1.5 V with low power ( \sim 8.5~\mu \textW ) non-periodic harvester outputs or 220 mV open circuit voltage periodic (~100 Hz) inputs. This IC demonstrates ~50% efficiency with an up-conversion-based harvester and \sim 1~\mu \textW active power dissipation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1109/TCSI.2017.2764878
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 1758
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Full-wave rectifiers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: On-chip charge pumps
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acceleration (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Diodes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy harvesting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interface circuits
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Equipment & supplies
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: An Active Diode Full-Wave Charge Pump for Low Acceleration Infrastructure-Based Non-Periodic Vibration Energy Harvesting.
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              M: 05
              Text: May2018
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              Y: 2018
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            – TitleFull: IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems. Part I: Regular Papers
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