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A 6.75–8.25-GHz −250-dB FoM Rapid ON/OFF Fractional-N Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier.

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Title: A 6.75–8.25-GHz −250-dB FoM Rapid ON/OFF Fractional-N Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier.
Authors: Elkholy, Ahmed1, Elmallah, Ahmed1, Ahmed, Mostafa Gamal1, Hanumolu, Pavan Kumar1
Source: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. Jun2018, Vol. 53 Issue 6, p1818-1829. 12p.
Subjects: Injection locked oscillators, Phase-locked loops, Frequency synthesizers
Abstract: A rapid ON/OFF LC-based fractional-N injection-locked clock multiplier (ILCM) is presented. The proposed architecture extends the merits of ILCMs to fractional-N operation. It employs a high-resolution digital-to-time converter to align the injected pulses to the oscillator’s zero crossings. An all-digital frequency-tracking loop continuously tunes the oscillator free-running frequency toward the target output frequency. The proposed clock multiplier can be powered ON from a completely OFF state almost instantaneously. Background calibration techniques ensure that robust operation across process, voltage, and temperature. Fabricated in 65-nm CMOS process with an active area of 0.27 mm2, the prototype ILCM generates output clock in the range of 6.75–8.25 GHz using a 115-MHz reference clock. It achieves integrated jitter performance of 109 fsrms (integer-N) and 177 fsrms (fractional-N), while consuming only 2.65 (integer-N) and 3.25 mW (fractional-N). This translates to the best-reported FoMJ of −255 (integer-N) and −250 dB (fractional-N). The turn-on time is less than 4 ns in both the integer- and fractional-N modes, illustrating almost instantaneous settling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: A 6.75–8.25-GHz −250-dB FoM Rapid ON/OFF Fractional-N Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Elkholy%2C+Ahmed%22">Elkholy, Ahmed</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Elmallah%2C+Ahmed%22">Elmallah, Ahmed</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ahmed%2C+Mostafa+Gamal%22">Ahmed, Mostafa Gamal</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hanumolu%2C+Pavan+Kumar%22">Hanumolu, Pavan Kumar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22IEEE+Journal+of+Solid-State+Circuits%22">IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits</searchLink>. Jun2018, Vol. 53 Issue 6, p1818-1829. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Injection+locked+oscillators%22">Injection locked oscillators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phase-locked+loops%22">Phase-locked loops</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Frequency+synthesizers%22">Frequency synthesizers</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: A rapid ON/OFF LC-based fractional-N injection-locked clock multiplier (ILCM) is presented. The proposed architecture extends the merits of ILCMs to fractional-N operation. It employs a high-resolution digital-to-time converter to align the injected pulses to the oscillator’s zero crossings. An all-digital frequency-tracking loop continuously tunes the oscillator free-running frequency toward the target output frequency. The proposed clock multiplier can be powered ON from a completely OFF state almost instantaneously. Background calibration techniques ensure that robust operation across process, voltage, and temperature. Fabricated in 65-nm CMOS process with an active area of 0.27 mm2, the prototype ILCM generates output clock in the range of 6.75–8.25 GHz using a 115-MHz reference clock. It achieves integrated jitter performance of 109 fsrms (integer-N) and 177 fsrms (fractional-N), while consuming only 2.65 (integer-N) and 3.25 mW (fractional-N). This translates to the best-reported FoMJ of −255 (integer-N) and −250 dB (fractional-N). The turn-on time is less than 4 ns in both the integer- and fractional-N modes, illustrating almost instantaneous settling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1109/JSSC.2018.2810184
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 1818
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Injection locked oscillators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phase-locked loops
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Frequency synthesizers
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: A 6.75–8.25-GHz −250-dB FoM Rapid ON/OFF Fractional-N Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier.
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            NameFull: Elkholy, Ahmed
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            NameFull: Elmallah, Ahmed
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            NameFull: Ahmed, Mostafa Gamal
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            NameFull: Hanumolu, Pavan Kumar
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2018
              Type: published
              Y: 2018
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            – TitleFull: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
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