In situ long-term monitoring of recolonization by fungi and lichens after innovative and traditional conservative treatments of archaeological stones in Fiesole (Italy).

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Title: In situ long-term monitoring of recolonization by fungi and lichens after innovative and traditional conservative treatments of archaeological stones in Fiesole (Italy).
Authors: Pinna, Daniela1 daniela.pinna@unibo.it, Galeotti, Monica2, Perito, Brunella3, Daly, Giulia3, Salvadori, Barbara4
Source: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. Aug2018, Vol. 132, p49-58. 10p.
Subjects: Nanoparticles analysis, Substrates (Materials science), Copper analysis, Dibutyltin, Water repellents
Abstract: The research complements a study (Pinna et al., 2012) carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of mixtures of consolidants and water-repellent products (tetraethylorthosilicate, methylethoxy polysiloxane, Paraloid B72), with biocides (tributyltin oxide, dibutyltin dilaurate, copper nanoparticles) applied in situ to prevent biological growth on stones. The mixtures were tested over time on trial areas of three substrates - marble, sandstone, and plaster – in the archaeological site of Fiesole (Firenze, Italy). The 8-year-long study showed that the recolonization of the three substrates after the conservation treatment related mainly to their bioreceptivity and to the climatic conditions. Although the mixtures of water repellents and consolidants with biocides and copper nanoparticles were effective in reducing the recolonization, they did not play a crucial role in preventing biofilms and lichens growth. This study demonstrated that it was not possible to draw common conclusions regarding the products’ performance on the examined stones. Copper nanoparticles proved to be a suitable alternative to traditional biocides because they did not alter stones colour and contributed to the prevention of recolonization. The study provided information on the succession of fungi and lichens on untreated and treated stones, as well as on the variations of water repellency of treated stones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: In situ long-term monitoring of recolonization by fungi and lichens after innovative and traditional conservative treatments of archaeological stones in Fiesole (Italy).
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pinna%2C+Daniela%22">Pinna, Daniela</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> daniela.pinna@unibo.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Galeotti%2C+Monica%22">Galeotti, Monica</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perito%2C+Brunella%22">Perito, Brunella</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Daly%2C+Giulia%22">Daly, Giulia</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salvadori%2C+Barbara%22">Salvadori, Barbara</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Biodeterioration+%26+Biodegradation%22">International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation</searchLink>. Aug2018, Vol. 132, p49-58. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanoparticles+analysis%22">Nanoparticles analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substrates+%28Materials+science%29%22">Substrates (Materials science)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Copper+analysis%22">Copper analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dibutyltin%22">Dibutyltin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+repellents%22">Water repellents</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The research complements a study (Pinna et al., 2012) carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of mixtures of consolidants and water-repellent products (tetraethylorthosilicate, methylethoxy polysiloxane, Paraloid B72), with biocides (tributyltin oxide, dibutyltin dilaurate, copper nanoparticles) applied in situ to prevent biological growth on stones. The mixtures were tested over time on trial areas of three substrates - marble, sandstone, and plaster – in the archaeological site of Fiesole (Firenze, Italy). The 8-year-long study showed that the recolonization of the three substrates after the conservation treatment related mainly to their bioreceptivity and to the climatic conditions. Although the mixtures of water repellents and consolidants with biocides and copper nanoparticles were effective in reducing the recolonization, they did not play a crucial role in preventing biofilms and lichens growth. This study demonstrated that it was not possible to draw common conclusions regarding the products’ performance on the examined stones. Copper nanoparticles proved to be a suitable alternative to traditional biocides because they did not alter stones colour and contributed to the prevention of recolonization. The study provided information on the succession of fungi and lichens on untreated and treated stones, as well as on the variations of water repellency of treated stones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.05.003
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Substrates (Materials science)
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      – TitleFull: In situ long-term monitoring of recolonization by fungi and lichens after innovative and traditional conservative treatments of archaeological stones in Fiesole (Italy).
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            NameFull: Pinna, Daniela
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            NameFull: Galeotti, Monica
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            NameFull: Perito, Brunella
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            NameFull: Daly, Giulia
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              M: 08
              Text: Aug2018
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              Y: 2018
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