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Emissions into the Air from Bitumen and Rubber Bitumen—Implications for Asphalt Workers’ Exposure.

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Title: Emissions into the Air from Bitumen and Rubber Bitumen—Implications for Asphalt Workers’ Exposure.
Authors: Nilsson, Patrik T1 patrik.nilsson@design.lth.se, Bergendorf, Ulf2, Tinnerberg, Håkan2, Nordin, Erik1, Gustavsson, Mats2, Strandberg, Bo3, Albin, Maria4, Gudmundsson, Anders1
Source: Annals of Work Exposures & Health. Aug2018, Vol. 62 Issue 7, p828-839. 12p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Occupational disease risk factors, Air pollution, Benzopyrans, Dust, Hydrocarbons, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Rubber, Thiazoles, World Health Organization, Occupational hazards, Environmental exposure, Field research, Particulate matter
Geographic Terms: Sweden
Abstract: The risk among asphalt workers of developing adverse health effects may increase due to their occupational exposure. One area of special concern arises when rubber granules are mixed into bitumen to enhance asphalt properties. This research characterizes and compares bitumen and rubber bitumen regarding the emissions of and workers’ exposure to particulates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and benzothiazole. A laboratory and a field study were carried out. In the laboratory, two types of bitumen, one with and one without rubber, were heated up to two temperatures (140°C and 160°C). The concentrations and chemical compositions of the emissions were determined. In the field at asphalt work sites, both emissions and worker exposure measurements were performed. The methods applied included direct-reading sampling techniques next to the asphalt work area and personal sampling techniques on asphalt workers. The exposure measurements on asphalt workers for respirable dust, total dust, particle number and mass, and total PAH concentrations showed similar concentrations when both standard and rubber bitumen were used. The asphalt-surfacing machine operators were the workers with the highest observed exposure followed by the screed operators and roller drivers. Both laboratory and field measurements showed higher concentrations of benzothiazole when rubber bitumen was used, up to 7.5 times higher in the laboratory. The levels of naphthalene, benzo(a)pyrene, and total particles were lower for both types compared with the Swedish occupational exposure limits, 8-h time weighted average concentrations. Benzo(a)pyrene exceeded however the health-based guideline value given by the WHO for both types of bitumen. The study concludes that several air pollutants such as benzothiazole and PAHs are emitted into the air during asphalt work, but it is not evident if exposure to rubber bitumen possesses a higher risk than exposure to standard bitumen in terms of asphalt worker exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Annals of Work Exposures & Health is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Emissions into the Air from Bitumen and Rubber Bitumen—Implications for Asphalt Workers’ Exposure.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nilsson%2C+Patrik+T%22">Nilsson, Patrik T</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> patrik.nilsson@design.lth.se</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bergendorf%2C+Ulf%22">Bergendorf, Ulf</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tinnerberg%2C+Håkan%22">Tinnerberg, Håkan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nordin%2C+Erik%22">Nordin, Erik</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gustavsson%2C+Mats%22">Gustavsson, Mats</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Strandberg%2C+Bo%22">Strandberg, Bo</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Albin%2C+Maria%22">Albin, Maria</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gudmundsson%2C+Anders%22">Gudmundsson, Anders</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Annals+of+Work+Exposures+%26+Health%22">Annals of Work Exposures & Health</searchLink>. Aug2018, Vol. 62 Issue 7, p828-839. 12p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Occupational+disease+risk+factors%22">Occupational disease risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Air+pollution%22">Air pollution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Benzopyrans%22">Benzopyrans</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dust%22">Dust</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrocarbons%22">Hydrocarbons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons%22">Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rubber%22">Rubber</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thiazoles%22">Thiazoles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22World+Health+Organization%22">World Health Organization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Occupational+hazards%22">Occupational hazards</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+exposure%22">Environmental exposure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Field+research%22">Field research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Particulate+matter%22">Particulate matter</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The risk among asphalt workers of developing adverse health effects may increase due to their occupational exposure. One area of special concern arises when rubber granules are mixed into bitumen to enhance asphalt properties. This research characterizes and compares bitumen and rubber bitumen regarding the emissions of and workers’ exposure to particulates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and benzothiazole. A laboratory and a field study were carried out. In the laboratory, two types of bitumen, one with and one without rubber, were heated up to two temperatures (140°C and 160°C). The concentrations and chemical compositions of the emissions were determined. In the field at asphalt work sites, both emissions and worker exposure measurements were performed. The methods applied included direct-reading sampling techniques next to the asphalt work area and personal sampling techniques on asphalt workers. The exposure measurements on asphalt workers for respirable dust, total dust, particle number and mass, and total PAH concentrations showed similar concentrations when both standard and rubber bitumen were used. The asphalt-surfacing machine operators were the workers with the highest observed exposure followed by the screed operators and roller drivers. Both laboratory and field measurements showed higher concentrations of benzothiazole when rubber bitumen was used, up to 7.5 times higher in the laboratory. The levels of naphthalene, benzo(a)pyrene, and total particles were lower for both types compared with the Swedish occupational exposure limits, 8-h time weighted average concentrations. Benzo(a)pyrene exceeded however the health-based guideline value given by the WHO for both types of bitumen. The study concludes that several air pollutants such as benzothiazole and PAHs are emitted into the air during asphalt work, but it is not evident if exposure to rubber bitumen possesses a higher risk than exposure to standard bitumen in terms of asphalt worker exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Annals of Work Exposures & Health is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1093/annweh/wxy053
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 828
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Occupational disease risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Air pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Benzopyrans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dust
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrocarbons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rubber
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thiazoles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: World Health Organization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Occupational hazards
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      – SubjectFull: Environmental exposure
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      – SubjectFull: Field research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Particulate matter
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sweden
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Emissions into the Air from Bitumen and Rubber Bitumen—Implications for Asphalt Workers’ Exposure.
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              Text: Aug2018
              Type: published
              Y: 2018
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