Using a Freeman FT4 rheometer and Electrical Capacitance Tomography to assess powder blending.
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| Title: | Using a Freeman FT4 rheometer and Electrical Capacitance Tomography to assess powder blending. |
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| Authors: | Forte, G.1, Clark, P.J.1, Yan, Z.1, Stitt, E.H.1, Marigo, M.1 Michele.Marigo@matthey.com |
| Source: | Powder Technology. Sep2018, Vol. 337, p25-35. 11p. |
| Subjects: | Rheometers, Particle size distribution, Electrical capacitance tomography, Permittivity, Powders, Mixing |
| Abstract: | This study assesses the influence of mixing or segregation on flowability results from a Freeman FT4 powder rheometer as well as the use of Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) to measure powder mixing and mixedness. The blending (or otherwise) of two powders of different physical properties (particle size, density, basic flowability) and contrasting electrical permittivity was studied in a Freeman FT4 rheometer. Two initial arrangements were used: one with the heavier, smaller powder on the top that would be expected to mix readily; and the other, the inverse, that would be expected to be resistant to the axial blending mechanism prevalent in the FT4. The torque and thus flow energy were tracked through 30 cycles of the FT4 impeller passing into and back out of the powder layer. In one case, the FT4 data were seen to evolve towards a steady state comparatively quickly, while, in the other, relatively little change in the basic flow energy was observed. The change in the first case is attributed to mixing of the powder, and the lack of change in the latter case to the absence of mixing. Simultaneous ECT measurements using a two plane sensing arrangement were taken. The reconstructed tomograms and the basic average permittivity data show clearly the mixing in the first case and the absence of blending for the latter. This confirms not only the sensitivity of powder flowability measurements to segregation of component powders, but also the potential of ECT as a measurement tool for powder mixing and segregation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 131402792 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Using a Freeman FT4 rheometer and Electrical Capacitance Tomography to assess powder blending. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Forte%2C+G%2E%22">Forte, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clark%2C+P%2EJ%2E%22">Clark, P.J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yan%2C+Z%2E%22">Yan, Z.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stitt%2C+E%2EH%2E%22">Stitt, E.H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marigo%2C+M%2E%22">Marigo, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> Michele.Marigo@matthey.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Powder+Technology%22">Powder Technology</searchLink>. Sep2018, Vol. 337, p25-35. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rheometers%22">Rheometers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Particle+size+distribution%22">Particle size distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrical+capacitance+tomography%22">Electrical capacitance tomography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Permittivity%22">Permittivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Powders%22">Powders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mixing%22">Mixing</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This study assesses the influence of mixing or segregation on flowability results from a Freeman FT4 powder rheometer as well as the use of Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) to measure powder mixing and mixedness. The blending (or otherwise) of two powders of different physical properties (particle size, density, basic flowability) and contrasting electrical permittivity was studied in a Freeman FT4 rheometer. Two initial arrangements were used: one with the heavier, smaller powder on the top that would be expected to mix readily; and the other, the inverse, that would be expected to be resistant to the axial blending mechanism prevalent in the FT4. The torque and thus flow energy were tracked through 30 cycles of the FT4 impeller passing into and back out of the powder layer. In one case, the FT4 data were seen to evolve towards a steady state comparatively quickly, while, in the other, relatively little change in the basic flow energy was observed. The change in the first case is attributed to mixing of the powder, and the lack of change in the latter case to the absence of mixing. Simultaneous ECT measurements using a two plane sensing arrangement were taken. The reconstructed tomograms and the basic average permittivity data show clearly the mixing in the first case and the absence of blending for the latter. This confirms not only the sensitivity of powder flowability measurements to segregation of component powders, but also the potential of ECT as a measurement tool for powder mixing and segregation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Powder Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.12.020 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 25 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Rheometers Type: general – SubjectFull: Particle size distribution Type: general – SubjectFull: Electrical capacitance tomography Type: general – SubjectFull: Permittivity Type: general – SubjectFull: Powders Type: general – SubjectFull: Mixing Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Using a Freeman FT4 rheometer and Electrical Capacitance Tomography to assess powder blending. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Forte, G. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Clark, P.J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yan, Z. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Stitt, E.H. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Marigo, M. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: Sep2018 Type: published Y: 2018 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00325910 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 337 Titles: – TitleFull: Powder Technology Type: main |
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