Was Crustal Contamination Involved in the Formation of the Serpentine-Free Udachnaya-East Kimberlite? New Insights into Parental Melts, Liquidus Assemblage and Effects of Alteration.

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Title: Was Crustal Contamination Involved in the Formation of the Serpentine-Free Udachnaya-East Kimberlite? New Insights into Parental Melts, Liquidus Assemblage and Effects of Alteration.
Authors: Abersteiner, Adam1 adam.abersteiner@utas.edu.au, Kamenetsky, Vadim S1, Golovin, Alexander V2, Kamenetsky, Maya1, Goemann, Karsten3
Source: Journal of Petrology. Aug2018, Vol. 59 Issue 8, p1467-1492. 26p.
Subjects: Metamorphic rocks, Kimberlite eruptions, Volcanic eruptions, Olivine, Granite
Abstract: The petrologically unique Udachnaya-East kimberlite (Siberia, Russia) is characterised by unserpentinised and H2O-poor volcaniclastic and coherent units that contain fresh olivine, along with abundant alkali-rich carbonates, chlorides, sulphides and sulphates in the groundmass. These mineralogical and geochemical characteristics have led to two divergent models that advocate different origins. It has been suggested that the unserpentinised units from Udachnaya-East are representative of pristine unaltered kimberlite. Conversely, the alkali-chlorine-sulphur enrichment has been attributed to interactions with crustal materials and/or post-emplacement contamination by brines. The mineralogical and geochemical features and the compositions of melt inclusions in unserpentinised and serpentinised Udachnaya-East kimberlite varieties are compared in this study. Both varieties of kimberlite have similar major, compatible and incompatible trace element concentrations and primitive mantle normalised trace element patterns, groundmass textures and silicate, oxide and sulphide mineral compositions. However, these two kimberlite varieties are distinguished by: (i) the presence of unaltered olivine, abundant Na–K–Cl–S-rich minerals (i.e. chlorides, S-bearing alkali-carbonates, sodalite) and the absence of H2O-rich phases (i.e. serpentine, iowaite (Mg4Fe3+(OH)8OCl•3(H2O)) in unserpentinised samples, and (ii) the absence of alkali- and chlorine-enriched phases in the groundmass and characteristic olivine alteration (i.e. replacement by serpentine and/or iowaite) in serpentinised samples. In addition, melt inclusions hosted in olivine, monticellite, spinel and perovskite from unserpentinised and serpentinised kimberlite contain identical daughter phase assemblages that are dominated by alkali-carbonates, chlorides and sulphates/sulphides. This enrichment in alkalis, chlorine and sulphur in melt inclusions demonstrates that these elements were an intrinsic part of the parental magma. The paucity of alkali-carbonates and chlorides in the groundmass of serpentinised Udachnaya-East kimberlite is attributed to their instability and removal during post-emplacement alteration. All evidence previously used in support of crustal and brine contamination of the Udachnaya-East kimberlite is thoroughly evaluated. We demonstrate that 'contamination models' are inconsistent with petrographic, geochemical and melt inclusion data. Our combined data suggest that the Udachnaya-East kimberlite crystallised from an essentially H2O-poor, Si–Na–K–Cl–S-bearing carbonate-rich melt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Petrology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Was Crustal Contamination Involved in the Formation of the Serpentine-Free Udachnaya-East Kimberlite? New Insights into Parental Melts, Liquidus Assemblage and Effects of Alteration.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metamorphic+rocks%22">Metamorphic rocks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kimberlite+eruptions%22">Kimberlite eruptions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Volcanic+eruptions%22">Volcanic eruptions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Olivine%22">Olivine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Granite%22">Granite</searchLink>
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  Data: The petrologically unique Udachnaya-East kimberlite (Siberia, Russia) is characterised by unserpentinised and H2O-poor volcaniclastic and coherent units that contain fresh olivine, along with abundant alkali-rich carbonates, chlorides, sulphides and sulphates in the groundmass. These mineralogical and geochemical characteristics have led to two divergent models that advocate different origins. It has been suggested that the unserpentinised units from Udachnaya-East are representative of pristine unaltered kimberlite. Conversely, the alkali-chlorine-sulphur enrichment has been attributed to interactions with crustal materials and/or post-emplacement contamination by brines. The mineralogical and geochemical features and the compositions of melt inclusions in unserpentinised and serpentinised Udachnaya-East kimberlite varieties are compared in this study. Both varieties of kimberlite have similar major, compatible and incompatible trace element concentrations and primitive mantle normalised trace element patterns, groundmass textures and silicate, oxide and sulphide mineral compositions. However, these two kimberlite varieties are distinguished by: (i) the presence of unaltered olivine, abundant Na–K–Cl–S-rich minerals (i.e. chlorides, S-bearing alkali-carbonates, sodalite) and the absence of H2O-rich phases (i.e. serpentine, iowaite (Mg4Fe3+(OH)8OCl•3(H2O)) in unserpentinised samples, and (ii) the absence of alkali- and chlorine-enriched phases in the groundmass and characteristic olivine alteration (i.e. replacement by serpentine and/or iowaite) in serpentinised samples. In addition, melt inclusions hosted in olivine, monticellite, spinel and perovskite from unserpentinised and serpentinised kimberlite contain identical daughter phase assemblages that are dominated by alkali-carbonates, chlorides and sulphates/sulphides. This enrichment in alkalis, chlorine and sulphur in melt inclusions demonstrates that these elements were an intrinsic part of the parental magma. The paucity of alkali-carbonates and chlorides in the groundmass of serpentinised Udachnaya-East kimberlite is attributed to their instability and removal during post-emplacement alteration. All evidence previously used in support of crustal and brine contamination of the Udachnaya-East kimberlite is thoroughly evaluated. We demonstrate that 'contamination models' are inconsistent with petrographic, geochemical and melt inclusion data. Our combined data suggest that the Udachnaya-East kimberlite crystallised from an essentially H2O-poor, Si–Na–K–Cl–S-bearing carbonate-rich melt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Petrology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1093/petrology/egy068
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 26
        StartPage: 1467
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Metamorphic rocks
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Kimberlite eruptions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Volcanic eruptions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Olivine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Granite
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Was Crustal Contamination Involved in the Formation of the Serpentine-Free Udachnaya-East Kimberlite? New Insights into Parental Melts, Liquidus Assemblage and Effects of Alteration.
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            NameFull: Abersteiner, Adam
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            NameFull: Kamenetsky, Vadim S
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            NameFull: Golovin, Alexander V
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            NameFull: Kamenetsky, Maya
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            NameFull: Goemann, Karsten
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2018
              Type: published
              Y: 2018
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              Value: 59
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              Value: 8
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