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A model of pain behaviors in freely moving rats generated by controllable electrical stimulation of the peripheral nerve.

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Title: A model of pain behaviors in freely moving rats generated by controllable electrical stimulation of the peripheral nerve.
Authors: Harris Bozer, Amber L.1, Li, Ai-Ling1, Fuchs, Perry N.1, Peng, Yuan B.1 ypeng@uta.edu
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Methods. Jan2019, Vol. 311, p13-16. 4p.
Subjects: Electric stimulation, Peripheral nervous system, Electronic equipment, Wireless sensor networks, Allergies
Abstract: Highlights • We developed a novel rodent model of pain. • Electrical stimulation to the peripheral nerve induced pain. • Stimulation resulted in pain without creating significant nerve damage. • Cuff electrode stimulation was aversive to animals. • Our model can be used to explore pain and associated cortical activity. Abstract Background Neuropathic pain patients have described experiencing unprovoked, intermittent pain attacks with shooting, stabbing, and burning qualities. Rodent models used in previous literature usually only involve acute exposure, and/or are unable to manipulate the stimulation intensity in vivo by the experimenter during an experiment. New method This paper describes a method to induce controllable pain behaviors in rodents using a wireless portable electronic device that can be manipulated within the course of an experiment. A stimulating electrode was implanted at the L5 spinal nerve location in Sprague-Dawley rats and our custom-built wireless stimulating device was attached to deliver variable stimulation in freely moving animals (50 Hz, 0.5 V; 100 Hz, 1 V). Results Implantation itself did not induce hypersensitivity as measured by the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold test. Observation of pain behaviors (paw elevation and licking) indicated that high stimulation intensity yielded a significant increase in pain behaviors. Even further, high intensity stimulation resulted in a behavioral "wind-up" of pain behaviors that persisted into the resting period when no stimulation was applied. Comparison with existing methods and conclusions This method can be used to study pain behaviors in a controllable way in freely moving rodents in comparison to existing models that are acute and/or are unable to manipulate the stimulation intensity in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Neuroscience Methods is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 133167664
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: A model of pain behaviors in freely moving rats generated by controllable electrical stimulation of the peripheral nerve.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Harris+Bozer%2C+Amber+L%2E%22">Harris Bozer, Amber L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Ai-Ling%22">Li, Ai-Ling</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fuchs%2C+Perry+N%2E%22">Fuchs, Perry N.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peng%2C+Yuan+B%2E%22">Peng, Yuan B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> ypeng@uta.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Neuroscience+Methods%22">Journal of Neuroscience Methods</searchLink>. Jan2019, Vol. 311, p13-16. 4p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+stimulation%22">Electric stimulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peripheral+nervous+system%22">Peripheral nervous system</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+equipment%22">Electronic equipment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wireless+sensor+networks%22">Wireless sensor networks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Allergies%22">Allergies</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Highlights • We developed a novel rodent model of pain. • Electrical stimulation to the peripheral nerve induced pain. • Stimulation resulted in pain without creating significant nerve damage. • Cuff electrode stimulation was aversive to animals. • Our model can be used to explore pain and associated cortical activity. Abstract Background Neuropathic pain patients have described experiencing unprovoked, intermittent pain attacks with shooting, stabbing, and burning qualities. Rodent models used in previous literature usually only involve acute exposure, and/or are unable to manipulate the stimulation intensity in vivo by the experimenter during an experiment. New method This paper describes a method to induce controllable pain behaviors in rodents using a wireless portable electronic device that can be manipulated within the course of an experiment. A stimulating electrode was implanted at the L5 spinal nerve location in Sprague-Dawley rats and our custom-built wireless stimulating device was attached to deliver variable stimulation in freely moving animals (50 Hz, 0.5 V; 100 Hz, 1 V). Results Implantation itself did not induce hypersensitivity as measured by the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold test. Observation of pain behaviors (paw elevation and licking) indicated that high stimulation intensity yielded a significant increase in pain behaviors. Even further, high intensity stimulation resulted in a behavioral "wind-up" of pain behaviors that persisted into the resting period when no stimulation was applied. Comparison with existing methods and conclusions This method can be used to study pain behaviors in a controllable way in freely moving rodents in comparison to existing models that are acute and/or are unable to manipulate the stimulation intensity in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Neuroscience Methods is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.10.009
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Peripheral nervous system
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      – SubjectFull: Electronic equipment
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      – SubjectFull: Wireless sensor networks
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            NameFull: Li, Ai-Ling
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              Text: Jan2019
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              Y: 2019
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