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Genus-1 wide assessment of antibiotic resistance in Lactobacillus spp.

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Title: Genus-1 wide assessment of antibiotic resistance in Lactobacillus spp.
Authors: Campedelli, Ilenia1, Mathur, Harsh2,3, Salvetti, Elisa2,4, Clarke, Siobhán3, Rea, Mary C.2,3, Torriani, Sandra1, Ross, R. Paul2,4, Hill, Colin2,4, O'Toole, Paul W.2,4 wotoole@ucc.ie
Source: Applied & Environmental Microbiology. Jan2019, Vol. 85 Issue 1, p1-43. 49p.
Subjects: Lactobacillus, Drug resistance in bacteria, Bacterial starter cultures, Microbial sensitivity tests, European Food Safety Authority
Abstract: Lactobacillus species are widely used as probiotics and starter cultures for a variety of foods, supported by a long history of safe usage. Although more than 35 species meet the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) criteria for Qualified Presumption of Safety status, the safety of Lactobacillus species and their carriage of antibiotic resistance (AR) genes is under continuing ad hoc review. To comprehensively update the identification of AR in the genus Lactobacillus, we determined the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of 182 Lactobacillus type strains and compared these phenotypes to their genotypes based on genome-wide annotations of AR genes. Resistance to trimethoprim, vancomycin and kanamycin were the most common phenotypes. A combination of homology-based screening and manual annotation identified genes encoding for resistance to aminoglycosides (20 sequences), tetracycline (18), erythromycin (6), clindamycin (60), and chloramphenicol (42). In particular, the genes aac(3) and lsa involved in resistance to aminoglycosides and clindamycin, respectively, were found in Lactobacillus spp. Acquired determinants predicted to code for tetracycline and erythromycin resistance were detected in L. ingluviei, L. amylophilus, and L. amylotrophicus, flanked in the genome by mobile genetic elements with potential for horizontal transfer.Importance Lactobacillus species are generally considered to be non-pathogenic and are used in a wide variety of foods and products for humans and animals. However, many of the species examined in this study have antibiotic resistance levels which exceed those recommended by EFSA, suggesting that these cut-off values should be re-examined in light of the genetic basis for resistance here. Our data provide evidence for rationally revising the regulatory guidelines for safety assessment of lactobacilli entering the food-chain as starter cultures, food preservatives or probiotics, and will facilitate comprehensive genotype-based assessment of strains for safety screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Genus-1 wide assessment of antibiotic resistance in Lactobacillus spp.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Campedelli%2C+Ilenia%22">Campedelli, Ilenia</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mathur%2C+Harsh%22">Mathur, Harsh</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salvetti%2C+Elisa%22">Salvetti, Elisa</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clarke%2C+Siobhán%22">Clarke, Siobhán</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rea%2C+Mary+C%2E%22">Rea, Mary C.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Torriani%2C+Sandra%22">Torriani, Sandra</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ross%2C+R%2E+Paul%22">Ross, R. Paul</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hill%2C+Colin%22">Hill, Colin</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22O'Toole%2C+Paul+W%2E%22">O'Toole, Paul W.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><i> wotoole@ucc.ie</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lactobacillus%22">Lactobacillus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+resistance+in+bacteria%22">Drug resistance in bacteria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bacterial+starter+cultures%22">Bacterial starter cultures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microbial+sensitivity+tests%22">Microbial sensitivity tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22European+Food+Safety+Authority%22">European Food Safety Authority</searchLink>
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  Data: Lactobacillus species are widely used as probiotics and starter cultures for a variety of foods, supported by a long history of safe usage. Although more than 35 species meet the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) criteria for Qualified Presumption of Safety status, the safety of Lactobacillus species and their carriage of antibiotic resistance (AR) genes is under continuing ad hoc review. To comprehensively update the identification of AR in the genus Lactobacillus, we determined the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of 182 Lactobacillus type strains and compared these phenotypes to their genotypes based on genome-wide annotations of AR genes. Resistance to trimethoprim, vancomycin and kanamycin were the most common phenotypes. A combination of homology-based screening and manual annotation identified genes encoding for resistance to aminoglycosides (20 sequences), tetracycline (18), erythromycin (6), clindamycin (60), and chloramphenicol (42). In particular, the genes aac(3) and lsa involved in resistance to aminoglycosides and clindamycin, respectively, were found in Lactobacillus spp. Acquired determinants predicted to code for tetracycline and erythromycin resistance were detected in L. ingluviei, L. amylophilus, and L. amylotrophicus, flanked in the genome by mobile genetic elements with potential for horizontal transfer.Importance Lactobacillus species are generally considered to be non-pathogenic and are used in a wide variety of foods and products for humans and animals. However, many of the species examined in this study have antibiotic resistance levels which exceed those recommended by EFSA, suggesting that these cut-off values should be re-examined in light of the genetic basis for resistance here. Our data provide evidence for rationally revising the regulatory guidelines for safety assessment of lactobacilli entering the food-chain as starter cultures, food preservatives or probiotics, and will facilitate comprehensive genotype-based assessment of strains for safety screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1128/AEM.01738-18
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Bacterial starter cultures
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      – SubjectFull: Microbial sensitivity tests
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              Text: Jan2019
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