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A 0.53-THz Subharmonic Injection-Locked Phased Array With 63- $\mu$ W Radiated Power in 40-nm CMOS.

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Title: A 0.53-THz Subharmonic Injection-Locked Phased Array With 63- $\mu$ W Radiated Power in 40-nm CMOS.
Authors: Guo, Kaizhe, Zhang, Yang, Reynaert, Patrick
Source: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. Feb2019, Vol. 54 Issue 2, p380-391. 12p.
Subjects: Subharmonic functions, Injection locked oscillators, Phased array antennas
Abstract: This paper presents a 0.53-THz subharmonic injection-locked $1\times 4$ phased array based on an injection-locked oscillator (ILO) chain. Thanks to the ILO chain, the phase errors in the phased array can be compensated without introducing power variation. This technique enables accurate beam steering with a 60° scan range in the $E$ -plane at 0.53 THz. A six-stage triple-push oscillator is proposed to generate the signal at 0.53 THz. Compared with a conventional triple-push oscillator, it reduces layout constraints, improves signal balance, and enhances output power by at least 3 dB. The phased array is implemented in 40-nm CMOS. With an injection power of 0 dBm, the injection-locked phased array generates an output frequency from 529 to 534 GHz. At 531.5 GHz, the proposed phased array achieves −12-dBm radiated power and 0.24‰ dc-to-terahertz (THz) efficiency without the use of silicon lens, quartz superstrate, or substrate thinning. The chip consumes 260-mW dc power and occupies an area of 2.5 mm2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A 0.53-THz Subharmonic Injection-Locked Phased Array With 63- $\mu$ W Radiated Power in 40-nm CMOS.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guo%2C+Kaizhe%22">Guo, Kaizhe</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Yang%22">Zhang, Yang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reynaert%2C+Patrick%22">Reynaert, Patrick</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22IEEE+Journal+of+Solid-State+Circuits%22">IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits</searchLink>. Feb2019, Vol. 54 Issue 2, p380-391. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Subharmonic+functions%22">Subharmonic functions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Injection+locked+oscillators%22">Injection locked oscillators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phased+array+antennas%22">Phased array antennas</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This paper presents a 0.53-THz subharmonic injection-locked $1\times 4$ phased array based on an injection-locked oscillator (ILO) chain. Thanks to the ILO chain, the phase errors in the phased array can be compensated without introducing power variation. This technique enables accurate beam steering with a 60° scan range in the $E$ -plane at 0.53 THz. A six-stage triple-push oscillator is proposed to generate the signal at 0.53 THz. Compared with a conventional triple-push oscillator, it reduces layout constraints, improves signal balance, and enhances output power by at least 3 dB. The phased array is implemented in 40-nm CMOS. With an injection power of 0 dBm, the injection-locked phased array generates an output frequency from 529 to 534 GHz. At 531.5 GHz, the proposed phased array achieves −12-dBm radiated power and 0.24‰ dc-to-terahertz (THz) efficiency without the use of silicon lens, quartz superstrate, or substrate thinning. The chip consumes 260-mW dc power and occupies an area of 2.5 mm2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1109/JSSC.2018.2877203
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 380
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Subharmonic functions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Injection locked oscillators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phased array antennas
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: A 0.53-THz Subharmonic Injection-Locked Phased Array With 63- $\mu$ W Radiated Power in 40-nm CMOS.
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            NameFull: Guo, Kaizhe
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            NameFull: Zhang, Yang
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              Text: Feb2019
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              Y: 2019
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