Determination of fungicides in bell pepper using solid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning.

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Title: Determination of fungicides in bell pepper using solid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning.
Authors: Heleno, Fernanda F.1 (AUTHOR) fernanda.heleno@ufv.br, Rodrigues, Alessandra A.Z.1 (AUTHOR), Queiroz, Maria E.L.R.1 (AUTHOR), Neves, Antônio A.1 (AUTHOR), Oliveira, André F.1 (AUTHOR), Libardi, Vitor M.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Microchemical Journal. Jul2019, Vol. 148, p79-84. 6p.
Subjects: Peppers, Electron detection, Electron gas, Electron capture, Standard deviations
Abstract: A novel method based on solid-liquid extraction with low temperature partition combined with gas chromatography with electron capture detection was established for the determination and quantification of fungicides (azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil and difenoconazole) in bell pepper (Capsicum annum L.). The performance of the method was assessed by studying selectivity, limits of detection and quantification, linearity, accuracy, and precision. Linearity (r > 0.99) was achieved for all compounds when calibration was performed, and the limits of quantification were below the tolerance levels of fungicides set by Brazilian legislation, the European Union, and the Codex Alimentarius. The average recoveries ranged between 97 and 108%, with relative standard deviations ≤12.2%. The proposed analytical method has been successfully applied for the analysis of real bell peppers samples cultivated in Viçosa city, Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil. The residual fungicide concentration in the bell pepper samples was azoxystrobin (0.12 ± 0.01 mg kg−1), difenoconazole (0.18 ± 0.01 mg kg−1) and chlorothalonil (1.73 ± 0.02 mg kg−1). • A new analytical method for pesticides extraction in bell pepper is developed. • SLE/LTP method was simple, fast, efficient and environmentally friendly. • SLE/LTP-GC/ECD is selective, accurate and precise. • The LOQs were comparable to those reported previously. • The validated method was successfully applied to real bell pepper samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Group: Ti
  Data: Determination of fungicides in bell pepper using solid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heleno%2C+Fernanda+F%2E%22">Heleno, Fernanda F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> fernanda.heleno@ufv.br</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rodrigues%2C+Alessandra+A%2EZ%2E%22">Rodrigues, Alessandra A.Z.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Queiroz%2C+Maria+E%2EL%2ER%2E%22">Queiroz, Maria E.L.R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Neves%2C+Antônio+A%2E%22">Neves, Antônio A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oliveira%2C+André+F%2E%22">Oliveira, André F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Libardi%2C+Vitor+M%2E%22">Libardi, Vitor M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Microchemical+Journal%22">Microchemical Journal</searchLink>. Jul2019, Vol. 148, p79-84. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peppers%22">Peppers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electron+detection%22">Electron detection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electron+gas%22">Electron gas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electron+capture%22">Electron capture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Standard+deviations%22">Standard deviations</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: A novel method based on solid-liquid extraction with low temperature partition combined with gas chromatography with electron capture detection was established for the determination and quantification of fungicides (azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil and difenoconazole) in bell pepper (Capsicum annum L.). The performance of the method was assessed by studying selectivity, limits of detection and quantification, linearity, accuracy, and precision. Linearity (r > 0.99) was achieved for all compounds when calibration was performed, and the limits of quantification were below the tolerance levels of fungicides set by Brazilian legislation, the European Union, and the Codex Alimentarius. The average recoveries ranged between 97 and 108%, with relative standard deviations ≤12.2%. The proposed analytical method has been successfully applied for the analysis of real bell peppers samples cultivated in Viçosa city, Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil. The residual fungicide concentration in the bell pepper samples was azoxystrobin (0.12 ± 0.01 mg kg−1), difenoconazole (0.18 ± 0.01 mg kg−1) and chlorothalonil (1.73 ± 0.02 mg kg−1). • A new analytical method for pesticides extraction in bell pepper is developed. • SLE/LTP method was simple, fast, efficient and environmentally friendly. • SLE/LTP-GC/ECD is selective, accurate and precise. • The LOQs were comparable to those reported previously. • The validated method was successfully applied to real bell pepper samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.045
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 79
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      – SubjectFull: Peppers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electron detection
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electron gas
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electron capture
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      – SubjectFull: Standard deviations
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      – TitleFull: Determination of fungicides in bell pepper using solid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning.
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            NameFull: Heleno, Fernanda F.
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            NameFull: Rodrigues, Alessandra A.Z.
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            NameFull: Neves, Antônio A.
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            NameFull: Oliveira, André F.
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              Text: Jul2019
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              Y: 2019
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              Value: 148
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