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Taking a Long Look at QUIC: An Approach for Rigorous Evaluation of Rapidly Evolving Transport Protocols.

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Title: Taking a Long Look at QUIC: An Approach for Rigorous Evaluation of Rapidly Evolving Transport Protocols.
Authors: Kakhki, Arash Molavi1 arash@thousandeyes.com, Jero, Samuel2 sjero@purdue.edu, Choffnes, David3 choffnes@ccs.neu.edu, Nita-Rotaru, Cristina3 c.nitarotaru@neu.edu, Mislove, Alan3 amislove@ccs.neu.edu
Source: Communications of the ACM. Jul2019, Vol. 62 Issue 7, p86-94. 9p. 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs.
Subjects: Internet protocols, Transport protocols (Computer network protocols), Google Chrome (Computer software), Application software, Personal computer performance, Mobile computing, TCP/IP, Finite state machines
Abstract: Google's Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC) protocol, which implements TCP-like properties at the application layer atop a UDP transport, is now used by the vast majority of Chrome clients accessing Google properties but has no formal state machine specification, limited analysis, and ad-hoc evaluations based on snapshots of the protocol implementation in a small number of environments. Further frustrating attempts to evaluate QUIC is the fact that the protocol is under rapid development, with extensive rewriting of the protocol occurring over the scale of months, making individual studies of the protocol obsolete before publication. Given this unique scenario, there is a need for alternative techniques for understanding and evaluating QUIC when compared with previous transport-layer protocols. First, we develop an approach that allows us to conduct analysis across multiple versions of QUIC to understand how code changes impact protocol effectiveness. Next, we instrument the source code to infer QUIC's state machine from execution traces. With this model, we run QUIC in a large number of environments that include desktop and mobile, wired and wireless environments and use the state machine to understand differences in transportand application-layer performance across multiple versions of QUIC and in different environments. QUIC generally outperforms TCP, but we also identified performance issues related to window sizes, re-ordered packets, and multiplexing large number of small objects; further, we identify that QUIC's performance diminishes on mobile devices and over cellular networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Taking a Long Look at QUIC: An Approach for Rigorous Evaluation of Rapidly Evolving Transport Protocols.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kakhki%2C+Arash+Molavi%22">Kakhki, Arash Molavi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> arash@thousandeyes.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jero%2C+Samuel%22">Jero, Samuel</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> sjero@purdue.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Choffnes%2C+David%22">Choffnes, David</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> choffnes@ccs.neu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nita-Rotaru%2C+Cristina%22">Nita-Rotaru, Cristina</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> c.nitarotaru@neu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mislove%2C+Alan%22">Mislove, Alan</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> amislove@ccs.neu.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Communications+of+the+ACM%22">Communications of the ACM</searchLink>. Jul2019, Vol. 62 Issue 7, p86-94. 9p. 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 8 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Internet+protocols%22">Internet protocols</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transport+protocols+%28Computer+network+protocols%29%22">Transport protocols (Computer network protocols)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Google+Chrome+%28Computer+software%29%22">Google Chrome (Computer software)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Application+software%22">Application software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personal+computer+performance%22">Personal computer performance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mobile+computing%22">Mobile computing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TCP%2FIP%22">TCP/IP</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+state+machines%22">Finite state machines</searchLink>
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  Data: Google's Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC) protocol, which implements TCP-like properties at the application layer atop a UDP transport, is now used by the vast majority of Chrome clients accessing Google properties but has no formal state machine specification, limited analysis, and ad-hoc evaluations based on snapshots of the protocol implementation in a small number of environments. Further frustrating attempts to evaluate QUIC is the fact that the protocol is under rapid development, with extensive rewriting of the protocol occurring over the scale of months, making individual studies of the protocol obsolete before publication. Given this unique scenario, there is a need for alternative techniques for understanding and evaluating QUIC when compared with previous transport-layer protocols. First, we develop an approach that allows us to conduct analysis across multiple versions of QUIC to understand how code changes impact protocol effectiveness. Next, we instrument the source code to infer QUIC's state machine from execution traces. With this model, we run QUIC in a large number of environments that include desktop and mobile, wired and wireless environments and use the state machine to understand differences in transportand application-layer performance across multiple versions of QUIC and in different environments. QUIC generally outperforms TCP, but we also identified performance issues related to window sizes, re-ordered packets, and multiplexing large number of small objects; further, we identify that QUIC's performance diminishes on mobile devices and over cellular networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – SubjectFull: Transport protocols (Computer network protocols)
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      – SubjectFull: Finite state machines
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      – TitleFull: Taking a Long Look at QUIC: An Approach for Rigorous Evaluation of Rapidly Evolving Transport Protocols.
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              Text: Jul2019
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