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"Improving the impact strength of PLA and its blends with PHA in fused layer modelling ".

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Title: "Improving the impact strength of PLA and its blends with PHA in fused layer modelling ".
Authors: Ecker, Josef Valentin1 (AUTHOR) sirjiv@gmail.com, Burzic, Ivana1 (AUTHOR) i.burzic@wood-kplus.at, Haider, Andreas1 (AUTHOR), Hild, Sabine2 (AUTHOR), Rennhofer, Harald3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Polymer Testing. Sep2019, Vol. 78, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Impact strength, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resins, Injection molding, Injection wells, Three-dimensional printing, Lactic acid, Polylactic acid
Abstract: Poly-(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most popular thermoplastics for fused layer modelling (FLM). Due to its semi-crystalline nature, the influences of printing parameters on the properties of the printed part are more complicated than with amorphous thermoplastics like acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS). In present study, the influence of the process parameters, such as temperature of the plate as well as printing angle used for the three-dimensional printing process was studied in the case of virgin PLA. In addition, PLA was mixed with an amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymer with the aim to improve its impact properties. Mechanical performance of virgin PLA and its PLA/PHA blend prepared by 3D printing method was compared with the mechanical performance of the parts produced by injection moulding. Small and wide angle X-ray measurements were performed in order to study the influence of the crystal morphology on the mechanics of PLA and PLA/PHA 3D printed as well as injection moulded parts. The PLA/PHA parts produced by 3D printing showed higher impact strength and notched impact strength values than injection moulded parts. Image 1 • Improvement of impact toughness of PLA in fused layer modelling by blending with amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers. • Process optimization in fused layer modelling was used to further improve impact properties of studied PLA and PLA/PHA blends. • PLA/PHA 3D printed samples outperformed notched impact properties of their counter injection moulded parts. • An outstanding impact performance of PLA/PHA blends reported in this study could be further used to expand PLA application range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polymer Testing is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 138203233
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
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  Data: "Improving the impact strength of PLA and its blends with PHA in fused layer modelling ".
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ecker%2C+Josef+Valentin%22">Ecker, Josef Valentin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sirjiv@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burzic%2C+Ivana%22">Burzic, Ivana</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> i.burzic@wood-kplus.at</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Haider%2C+Andreas%22">Haider, Andreas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hild%2C+Sabine%22">Hild, Sabine</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rennhofer%2C+Harald%22">Rennhofer, Harald</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymer+Testing%22">Polymer Testing</searchLink>. Sep2019, Vol. 78, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impact+strength%22">Impact strength</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acrylonitrile+butadiene+styrene+resins%22">Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Injection+molding%22">Injection molding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Injection+wells%22">Injection wells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+printing%22">Three-dimensional printing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lactic+acid%22">Lactic acid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polylactic+acid%22">Polylactic acid</searchLink>
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  Data: Poly-(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most popular thermoplastics for fused layer modelling (FLM). Due to its semi-crystalline nature, the influences of printing parameters on the properties of the printed part are more complicated than with amorphous thermoplastics like acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS). In present study, the influence of the process parameters, such as temperature of the plate as well as printing angle used for the three-dimensional printing process was studied in the case of virgin PLA. In addition, PLA was mixed with an amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymer with the aim to improve its impact properties. Mechanical performance of virgin PLA and its PLA/PHA blend prepared by 3D printing method was compared with the mechanical performance of the parts produced by injection moulding. Small and wide angle X-ray measurements were performed in order to study the influence of the crystal morphology on the mechanics of PLA and PLA/PHA 3D printed as well as injection moulded parts. The PLA/PHA parts produced by 3D printing showed higher impact strength and notched impact strength values than injection moulded parts. Image 1 • Improvement of impact toughness of PLA in fused layer modelling by blending with amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers. • Process optimization in fused layer modelling was used to further improve impact properties of studied PLA and PLA/PHA blends. • PLA/PHA 3D printed samples outperformed notched impact properties of their counter injection moulded parts. • An outstanding impact performance of PLA/PHA blends reported in this study could be further used to expand PLA application range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymer Testing is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.105929
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Impact strength
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Injection molding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Injection wells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Three-dimensional printing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lactic acid
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polylactic acid
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: "Improving the impact strength of PLA and its blends with PHA in fused layer modelling ".
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            NameFull: Ecker, Josef Valentin
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            NameFull: Burzic, Ivana
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            NameFull: Haider, Andreas
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            NameFull: Hild, Sabine
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2019
              Type: published
              Y: 2019
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              Value: 78
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