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OpenFab: A Programmable Pipeline for Multimaterial Fabrication.

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Title: OpenFab: A Programmable Pipeline for Multimaterial Fabrication.
Authors: Vidimče, Kiril1, Szu-Po Wang1, Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan2, Matusik, Wojciech1
Source: Communications of the ACM. Sep2019, Vol. 62 Issue 9, p97-105. 9p. 6 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts.
Subjects: Printing software, Three-dimensional printing, Data pipelining, Fabrication (Manufacturing), Materials
Abstract: 3D printing hardware is rapidly scaling up to output continuous mixtures of multiple materials at increasing resolution over ever larger print volumes. This poses an enormous computational challenge: large high-resolution prints comprise trillions of voxels and petabytes of data, and modeling and describing the input with spatially varying material mixtures at this scale are simply challenging. Existing 3D printing software is insufficient; in particular, most software is designed to support only a few million primitives, with discrete material choices per object. We present OpenFab, a programmable pipeline for synthesis of multimaterial 3D printed objects that is inspired by RenderMan and modern GPU pipelines. The pipeline supports procedural evaluation of geometric detail and material composition, using shader-like fablets, allowing models to be specified easily and efficiently. The pipeline is implemented in a streaming fashion: only a small fraction of the final volume is stored in memory, and output is fed to the printer with a little startup delay. We demonstrate it on a variety of multimaterial objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Communications+of+the+ACM%22">Communications of the ACM</searchLink>. Sep2019, Vol. 62 Issue 9, p97-105. 9p. 6 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 2 Charts.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Printing+software%22">Printing software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+printing%22">Three-dimensional printing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+pipelining%22">Data pipelining</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fabrication+%28Manufacturing%29%22">Fabrication (Manufacturing)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Materials%22">Materials</searchLink>
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  Data: 3D printing hardware is rapidly scaling up to output continuous mixtures of multiple materials at increasing resolution over ever larger print volumes. This poses an enormous computational challenge: large high-resolution prints comprise trillions of voxels and petabytes of data, and modeling and describing the input with spatially varying material mixtures at this scale are simply challenging. Existing 3D printing software is insufficient; in particular, most software is designed to support only a few million primitives, with discrete material choices per object. We present OpenFab, a programmable pipeline for synthesis of multimaterial 3D printed objects that is inspired by RenderMan and modern GPU pipelines. The pipeline supports procedural evaluation of geometric detail and material composition, using shader-like fablets, allowing models to be specified easily and efficiently. The pipeline is implemented in a streaming fashion: only a small fraction of the final volume is stored in memory, and output is fed to the printer with a little startup delay. We demonstrate it on a variety of multimaterial objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Communications of the ACM is the property of Association for Computing Machinery and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1145/3344808
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Three-dimensional printing
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      – SubjectFull: Data pipelining
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      – SubjectFull: Fabrication (Manufacturing)
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      – SubjectFull: Materials
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2019
              Type: published
              Y: 2019
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