View in EDS HTML Full Text PDF Full Text

Characterization of Aerosol Release during Spraying of Isocyanate Products.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Characterization of Aerosol Release during Spraying of Isocyanate Products.
Authors: Ehnes, Colin1 colin.ehnes@basf.com, Genz, Manfred2, Duwenhorst, Jörn2, Krasnow, Jurij2, Bleeke, Jan2, Schwarz, Katharina3, Koch, Wolfgang3, Schuchardt, Sven3
Source: Annals of Work Exposures & Health. Aug2019, Vol. 63 Issue 8, p773-783. 11p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs.
Subjects: Polymer analysis, Aerosol analysis, Organic compound analysis, Particles, Polyurethanes, Work environment, Occupational hazards, Environmental exposure, Inhalation injuries
Abstract: The aerosol release during the professional application of two different isocyanate based two component spray systems was identified and the physicochemical properties of the released airborne aerosols were characterized. For this purpose, aerosol release fractions were measured using a mass balance method described by Schwarz and Koch. Besides the release of total aerosol mass special emphasis was directed to the content of free monomeric MDI (4,4′- and 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate) in three particle size fractions relevant for inhalation uptake: inhalable, thoracic, and respirable size fraction. Two products were investigated: a two component PUR (polyurethane) spray foam (Elastopor) and a polyurea spray coating (Elastocoat). The mass fraction of the applied products released with the overspray as inhalable aerosol is 6.3 × 10−4 (Elastopor) and 4.0 × 10−4 (Elastocoat). Of the released total overspray aerosol 75 or 80% were in the thoracic size range, and 26 or 47% in the respirable regime for the PUR spray foam or the polyurea spray coating, respectively. At the time point of release the content of monomeric MDI in the aerosol corresponds to the composition of the bulk product. However, analysis of air samples indicates that <1% of the spray foam aerosol mass release fraction is attributed to free monomeric 4,4′- and 2,4′-MDI. For the Spray Coating the monomeric MDI fraction is <0.1%. Higher oligomers of MDI and prereacted oligomeric reaction products make up a few percent of the aerosol. This results in a total fraction of 0.0023% (spray foam) and 0.00015% (spray coating), respectively, of the sprayed monomeric MDI that is transferred into an inhalable aged aerosol. This data demonstrates, that during professional spraying only a small fraction of the total applied mass is released as airborne aerosol. The potential distribution of the theoretically inhalable aerosol in the respiratory tract and a low residual monomer content is described, significantly contributing to a refined safety assessment of the spray applications at the workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Annals of Work Exposures & Health is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
Full text is not displayed to guests.
FullText Links:
  – Type: pdflink
Text:
  Availability: 1
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 138819896
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Characterization of Aerosol Release during Spraying of Isocyanate Products.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Ehnes%2C+Colin%22&quot;&gt;Ehnes, Colin&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;i&gt; colin.ehnes@basf.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Genz%2C+Manfred%22&quot;&gt;Genz, Manfred&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Duwenhorst%2C+J&#246;rn%22&quot;&gt;Duwenhorst, J&#246;rn&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Krasnow%2C+Jurij%22&quot;&gt;Krasnow, Jurij&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Bleeke%2C+Jan%22&quot;&gt;Bleeke, Jan&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Schwarz%2C+Katharina%22&quot;&gt;Schwarz, Katharina&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Koch%2C+Wolfgang%22&quot;&gt;Koch, Wolfgang&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Schuchardt%2C+Sven%22&quot;&gt;Schuchardt, Sven&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3&lt;/relatesTo&gt;
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Annals+of+Work+Exposures+%26+Health%22&quot;&gt;Annals of Work Exposures &amp; Health&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Aug2019, Vol. 63 Issue 8, p773-783. 11p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 5 Graphs.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Polymer+analysis%22&quot;&gt;Polymer analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Aerosol+analysis%22&quot;&gt;Aerosol analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Organic+compound+analysis%22&quot;&gt;Organic compound analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Particles%22&quot;&gt;Particles&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Polyurethanes%22&quot;&gt;Polyurethanes&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Work+environment%22&quot;&gt;Work environment&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Occupational+hazards%22&quot;&gt;Occupational hazards&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Environmental+exposure%22&quot;&gt;Environmental exposure&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Inhalation+injuries%22&quot;&gt;Inhalation injuries&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The aerosol release during the professional application of two different isocyanate based two component spray systems was identified and the physicochemical properties of the released airborne aerosols were characterized. For this purpose, aerosol release fractions were measured using a mass balance method described by Schwarz and Koch. Besides the release of total aerosol mass special emphasis was directed to the content of free monomeric MDI (4,4′- and 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate) in three particle size fractions relevant for inhalation uptake: inhalable, thoracic, and respirable size fraction. Two products were investigated: a two component PUR (polyurethane) spray foam (Elastopor) and a polyurea spray coating (Elastocoat). The mass fraction of the applied products released with the overspray as inhalable aerosol is 6.3 &#215; 10−4 (Elastopor) and 4.0 &#215; 10−4 (Elastocoat). Of the released total overspray aerosol 75 or 80% were in the thoracic size range, and 26 or 47% in the respirable regime for the PUR spray foam or the polyurea spray coating, respectively. At the time point of release the content of monomeric MDI in the aerosol corresponds to the composition of the bulk product. However, analysis of air samples indicates that &lt;1% of the spray foam aerosol mass release fraction is attributed to free monomeric 4,4′- and 2,4′-MDI. For the Spray Coating the monomeric MDI fraction is &lt;0.1%. Higher oligomers of MDI and prereacted oligomeric reaction products make up a few percent of the aerosol. This results in a total fraction of 0.0023% (spray foam) and 0.00015% (spray coating), respectively, of the sprayed monomeric MDI that is transferred into an inhalable aged aerosol. This data demonstrates, that during professional spraying only a small fraction of the total applied mass is released as airborne aerosol. The potential distribution of the theoretically inhalable aerosol in the respiratory tract and a low residual monomer content is described, significantly contributing to a refined safety assessment of the spray applications at the workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Annals of Work Exposures &amp; Health is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=138819896
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1093/annweh/wxz045
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 773
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Polymer analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aerosol analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Organic compound analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Particles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polyurethanes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Work environment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Occupational hazards
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Environmental exposure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Inhalation injuries
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Characterization of Aerosol Release during Spraying of Isocyanate Products.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ehnes, Colin
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Genz, Manfred
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Duwenhorst, Jörn
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Krasnow, Jurij
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Bleeke, Jan
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Schwarz, Katharina
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Koch, Wolfgang
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Schuchardt, Sven
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2019
              Type: published
              Y: 2019
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 23987308
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 63
            – Type: issue
              Value: 8
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Annals of Work Exposures & Health
              Type: main
ResultId 1