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Analysis of Flow Resistance Equations in Gravel‐Bed Rivers With Intermittent Regimes: Calabrian fiumare Data Set.

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Title: Analysis of Flow Resistance Equations in Gravel‐Bed Rivers With Intermittent Regimes: Calabrian fiumare Data Set.
Authors: Mendicino, G.1 (AUTHOR) giuseppe.mendicino@unical.it, Colosimo, F.2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Water Resources Research. Aug2019, Vol. 55 Issue 8, p7294-7319. 26p.
Subjects: Froude number, Bed load, Flow velocity, Equations, Natural immunity
Geographic Terms: Italy
Abstract: This study addresses the evaluation of flow resistance in natural gravel‐bed rivers. Through a new data set collected on 136 reaches of 78 gravel‐bed rivers (Calabrian fiumare) in southern Italy, different conventional flow resistance equations to predict mean flow velocity in gravel‐bed rivers were tested in their original form. These equations have shown considerable disagreement with observed data, especially in river reaches characterized by high bed load conditions and for the domains of intermediate‐ and large‐scale roughness. This disagreement produced in almost all the cases an underestimation of the flow resistance, which can be corrected by introducing the Froude number and a particular form of the Shields sediment mobility parameter into the Manning, Chezy, and Darcy‐Weisbach equations. Through analyses carried out both on the whole data set and on its subsets, we propose a semiempirical approach with which, on the one hand, the tractive forces exerted by the flow on the bed are taken into account by considering the ratio between the sediment mobility parameter and its critical value, and on the other hand, water surface distortions are evaluated using the Froude number. This approach has been further validated using a literature‐based data set showing, even in this case, excellent performances. Finally, the literature‐based data set allowed us to improve the performances of the proposed approach in the field of large‐scale roughness. Efficiency tests indicate that the new equations can better reproduce the flow velocity in river reach where conventional flow resistance equations are not able to explain the entire dissipative process. Key Points: New flow resistance equations in gravel‐bed riversEffects induced by Froude number and sediment mobility parameterFlow resistance in large‐scale roughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Analysis of Flow Resistance Equations in Gravel‐Bed Rivers With Intermittent Regimes: Calabrian fiumare Data Set.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mendicino%2C+G%2E%22">Mendicino, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> giuseppe.mendicino@unical.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Colosimo%2C+F%2E%22">Colosimo, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Froude+number%22">Froude number</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bed+load%22">Bed load</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flow+velocity%22">Flow velocity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Equations%22">Equations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Natural+immunity%22">Natural immunity</searchLink>
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This study addresses the evaluation of flow resistance in natural gravel‐bed rivers. Through a new data set collected on 136 reaches of 78 gravel‐bed rivers (Calabrian fiumare) in southern Italy, different conventional flow resistance equations to predict mean flow velocity in gravel‐bed rivers were tested in their original form. These equations have shown considerable disagreement with observed data, especially in river reaches characterized by high bed load conditions and for the domains of intermediate‐ and large‐scale roughness. This disagreement produced in almost all the cases an underestimation of the flow resistance, which can be corrected by introducing the Froude number and a particular form of the Shields sediment mobility parameter into the Manning, Chezy, and Darcy‐Weisbach equations. Through analyses carried out both on the whole data set and on its subsets, we propose a semiempirical approach with which, on the one hand, the tractive forces exerted by the flow on the bed are taken into account by considering the ratio between the sediment mobility parameter and its critical value, and on the other hand, water surface distortions are evaluated using the Froude number. This approach has been further validated using a literature‐based data set showing, even in this case, excellent performances. Finally, the literature‐based data set allowed us to improve the performances of the proposed approach in the field of large‐scale roughness. Efficiency tests indicate that the new equations can better reproduce the flow velocity in river reach where conventional flow resistance equations are not able to explain the entire dissipative process. Key Points: New flow resistance equations in gravel‐bed riversEffects induced by Froude number and sediment mobility parameterFlow resistance in large‐scale roughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Water Resources Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1029/2019WR024819
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 26
        StartPage: 7294
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      – SubjectFull: Froude number
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bed load
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Flow velocity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Equations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Natural immunity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Italy
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Analysis of Flow Resistance Equations in Gravel‐Bed Rivers With Intermittent Regimes: Calabrian fiumare Data Set.
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            NameFull: Mendicino, G.
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            NameFull: Colosimo, F.
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2019
              Type: published
              Y: 2019
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