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Ultrathin, long-term stable, solid-state reference electrode enabled by enhanced interfacial adhesion and conformal coating of AgCl.

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Title: Ultrathin, long-term stable, solid-state reference electrode enabled by enhanced interfacial adhesion and conformal coating of AgCl.
Authors: Lim, Hyo-Ryoung1 (AUTHOR), Hillman, Nathan1 (AUTHOR), Kwon, Young-Tae1 (AUTHOR), Kim, Yun-Soung1 (AUTHOR), Choa, Yong-Ho2 (AUTHOR), Yeo, Woon-Hong1,3 (AUTHOR) whyeo@gatech.edu
Source: Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical. Apr2020, Vol. 309, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Standard hydrogen electrode, Conformal coatings, Adhesion, Surfaces (Technology), Silver chloride, Glucose oxidase, Composite membranes (Chemistry)
Abstract: • Ultrathin (800 nm) solid-state reference electrode (RE) demonstrates a long-term stability for two weeks. • The combination of enhanced interfacial adhesion and uniform coating of AgCl offers high stability. • Voltage response in a saline solution shows a change of 0.09 mV/h for 18 days. • Time-dependent EIS study shows enhanced interfacial stability of the fabricated RE. Continuous biochemical monitoring with a flexible electrochemical sensor offers a new wearable electronic system that can measure real-time voltage and current signals. The signal quality is determined by long-term stability of a silver/silver chloride reference electrode (Ag/AgCl RE). However, it is very challenging for any solid-state electrode to have a long-term stable operation. Even though new membrane technologies have improved the voltage stability, the existing thin film Ag/AgCl REs have limitations of insufficient film adhesion and structural instability. Here, this paper introduces an ultrathin, all-solid-state RE that demonstrates a long-term functional stability for more than two weeks via enhanced interfacial adhesion and conformal coating of AgCl. An optimization of chlorination factors allows a highly uniform, 800 nm-thick RE surface. The voltage response of the sensor in a saline solution shows a change of 0.09 mV/h for 18 days with a quasi-stable behavior, capturing the potential as an amperometric biosensor. Moreover, the characterization with an enzymatic working electrode verifies that two-electrode system using the thin-film RE has a sensitivity (S = 606 nA·mmol−1. cm−2), compatible to that with a commercial RE (S = 532 nA·mmol−1. cm−2). Collectively, this work provides a comprehensive study of materials and surface functionalization of all-solid-state REs for thin-film biosensors, which will pave the way for long-term usable wearable biosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 141754172
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Ultrathin, long-term stable, solid-state reference electrode enabled by enhanced interfacial adhesion and conformal coating of AgCl.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lim%2C+Hyo-Ryoung%22">Lim, Hyo-Ryoung</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hillman%2C+Nathan%22">Hillman, Nathan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kwon%2C+Young-Tae%22">Kwon, Young-Tae</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Yun-Soung%22">Kim, Yun-Soung</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Choa%2C+Yong-Ho%22">Choa, Yong-Ho</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yeo%2C+Woon-Hong%22">Yeo, Woon-Hong</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> whyeo@gatech.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Sensors+%26+Actuators+B%3A+Chemical%22">Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical</searchLink>. Apr2020, Vol. 309, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Standard+hydrogen+electrode%22">Standard hydrogen electrode</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conformal+coatings%22">Conformal coatings</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adhesion%22">Adhesion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surfaces+%28Technology%29%22">Surfaces (Technology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Silver+chloride%22">Silver chloride</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glucose+oxidase%22">Glucose oxidase</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Composite+membranes+%28Chemistry%29%22">Composite membranes (Chemistry)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: • Ultrathin (800 nm) solid-state reference electrode (RE) demonstrates a long-term stability for two weeks. • The combination of enhanced interfacial adhesion and uniform coating of AgCl offers high stability. • Voltage response in a saline solution shows a change of 0.09 mV/h for 18 days. • Time-dependent EIS study shows enhanced interfacial stability of the fabricated RE. Continuous biochemical monitoring with a flexible electrochemical sensor offers a new wearable electronic system that can measure real-time voltage and current signals. The signal quality is determined by long-term stability of a silver/silver chloride reference electrode (Ag/AgCl RE). However, it is very challenging for any solid-state electrode to have a long-term stable operation. Even though new membrane technologies have improved the voltage stability, the existing thin film Ag/AgCl REs have limitations of insufficient film adhesion and structural instability. Here, this paper introduces an ultrathin, all-solid-state RE that demonstrates a long-term functional stability for more than two weeks via enhanced interfacial adhesion and conformal coating of AgCl. An optimization of chlorination factors allows a highly uniform, 800 nm-thick RE surface. The voltage response of the sensor in a saline solution shows a change of 0.09 mV/h for 18 days with a quasi-stable behavior, capturing the potential as an amperometric biosensor. Moreover, the characterization with an enzymatic working electrode verifies that two-electrode system using the thin-film RE has a sensitivity (S = 606 nA·mmol−1. cm−2), compatible to that with a commercial RE (S = 532 nA·mmol−1. cm−2). Collectively, this work provides a comprehensive study of materials and surface functionalization of all-solid-state REs for thin-film biosensors, which will pave the way for long-term usable wearable biosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.127761
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        StartPage: N.PAG
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      – SubjectFull: Standard hydrogen electrode
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conformal coatings
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      – SubjectFull: Adhesion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surfaces (Technology)
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      – SubjectFull: Silver chloride
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      – SubjectFull: Glucose oxidase
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      – SubjectFull: Composite membranes (Chemistry)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Ultrathin, long-term stable, solid-state reference electrode enabled by enhanced interfacial adhesion and conformal coating of AgCl.
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            NameFull: Lim, Hyo-Ryoung
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            – D: 15
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2020
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              Y: 2020
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              Value: 309
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