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Publication bias in diagnostic imaging: conference abstracts with positive conclusions are more likely to be published.

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Title: Publication bias in diagnostic imaging: conference abstracts with positive conclusions are more likely to be published.
Authors: Treanor, Lee1 (AUTHOR), Frank, Robert A.1 (AUTHOR), Cherpak, Lindsay A.1 (AUTHOR), Dehmoobad Sharifabadi, Ana1 (AUTHOR), Salameh, Jean-Paul2 (AUTHOR), Hallgrimson, Zachary1 (AUTHOR), Fabiano, Nicholas1 (AUTHOR), McGrath, Trevor A.1 (AUTHOR), Kraaijpoel, Noemie3 (AUTHOR), Yao, Jason1 (AUTHOR), Korevaar, Daniel A.4 (AUTHOR), Bossuyt, Patrick M.5 (AUTHOR), McInnes, Matthew D. F.6 (AUTHOR) mmcinnes@toh.ca
Source: European Radiology. May2020, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p2964-2972. 9p. 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Publication bias, Diagnostic imaging, Confounding variables, Logistic regression analysis, Odds ratio, Multivariate analysis, Medical specialties & specialists
Geographic Terms: North America
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate whether imaging diagnostic test accuracy conference abstracts with positive conclusions or titles are more likely to reach full-text publication than those with negative (or neutral) conclusions or titles.Methods: Diagnostic accuracy research abstracts were included if they were presented at the 2011 or 2012 Radiological Society of North America conference. Full-text publication status at 5 years post conference abstract submission was determined. Conclusion and title positivity of conference abstracts were extracted, as well as potential confounding factors. The associations of conclusion and title positivity with publication status at 5 years post conference abstract submission were assessed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Conditional odds ratios were calculated to express the strength of associations, adjusting for the confounders.Results: In total, 282/400 (71%) of included conference abstracts reached full-text publication. A total of 246 out of 337 (74%) conference abstracts with positive conclusions resulted in full-text publications, compared with 26/48 (54%) with neutral conclusions and 5/15 (33%) with negative conclusions. In multivariable logistic regression, conclusion positivity was significantly associated with full-text publication (odds ratio 3.6; 95% CI 1.9-6.7 for conference abstracts with positive conclusions, compared with those with non-positive conclusions); this did not apply to title positivity (odds ratio 1.2; 95% CI 0.47-3.0).Conclusion: Imaging conference abstracts with positive conclusions were more likely to be published as full-text articles. Title positivity was not associated with publication. This preferential publication pattern may lead to an overrepresentation of positive studies in the literature. An overrepresentation of positive studies may contribute to inflated estimates of test accuracy and has the potential to adversely influence patient care.Key Points: • Imaging diagnostic test accuracy conference abstracts with positive conclusions were more likely to be reported as full-text articles than those with non-positive conclusions. • The majority (75%) of imaging diagnostic test accuracy conference abstracts with positive conclusions were published, compared with only 53% and 33% with neutral and negative conclusions, respectively. • Conclusion positivity remained associated with the full-text publication of conference abstracts when controlling for multiple potential confounding variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Publication bias in diagnostic imaging: conference abstracts with positive conclusions are more likely to be published.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Treanor%2C+Lee%22">Treanor, Lee</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Frank%2C+Robert+A%2E%22">Frank, Robert A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cherpak%2C+Lindsay+A%2E%22">Cherpak, Lindsay A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dehmoobad+Sharifabadi%2C+Ana%22">Dehmoobad Sharifabadi, Ana</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salameh%2C+Jean-Paul%22">Salameh, Jean-Paul</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hallgrimson%2C+Zachary%22">Hallgrimson, Zachary</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fabiano%2C+Nicholas%22">Fabiano, Nicholas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McGrath%2C+Trevor+A%2E%22">McGrath, Trevor A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kraaijpoel%2C+Noemie%22">Kraaijpoel, Noemie</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yao%2C+Jason%22">Yao, Jason</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Korevaar%2C+Daniel+A%2E%22">Korevaar, Daniel A.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bossuyt%2C+Patrick+M%2E%22">Bossuyt, Patrick M.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McInnes%2C+Matthew+D%2E+F%2E%22">McInnes, Matthew D. F.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mmcinnes@toh.ca</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Radiology%22">European Radiology</searchLink>. May2020, Vol. 30 Issue 5, p2964-2972. 9p. 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Publication+bias%22">Publication bias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diagnostic+imaging%22">Diagnostic imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confounding+variables%22">Confounding variables</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Logistic+regression+analysis%22">Logistic regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Odds+ratio%22">Odds ratio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multivariate+analysis%22">Multivariate analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+specialties+%26+specialists%22">Medical specialties & specialists</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22North+America%22">North America</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: <bold>Objective: </bold>To evaluate whether imaging diagnostic test accuracy conference abstracts with positive conclusions or titles are more likely to reach full-text publication than those with negative (or neutral) conclusions or titles.<bold>Methods: </bold>Diagnostic accuracy research abstracts were included if they were presented at the 2011 or 2012 Radiological Society of North America conference. Full-text publication status at 5 years post conference abstract submission was determined. Conclusion and title positivity of conference abstracts were extracted, as well as potential confounding factors. The associations of conclusion and title positivity with publication status at 5 years post conference abstract submission were assessed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Conditional odds ratios were calculated to express the strength of associations, adjusting for the confounders.<bold>Results: </bold>In total, 282/400 (71%) of included conference abstracts reached full-text publication. A total of 246 out of 337 (74%) conference abstracts with positive conclusions resulted in full-text publications, compared with 26/48 (54%) with neutral conclusions and 5/15 (33%) with negative conclusions. In multivariable logistic regression, conclusion positivity was significantly associated with full-text publication (odds ratio 3.6; 95% CI 1.9-6.7 for conference abstracts with positive conclusions, compared with those with non-positive conclusions); this did not apply to title positivity (odds ratio 1.2; 95% CI 0.47-3.0).<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Imaging conference abstracts with positive conclusions were more likely to be published as full-text articles. Title positivity was not associated with publication. This preferential publication pattern may lead to an overrepresentation of positive studies in the literature. An overrepresentation of positive studies may contribute to inflated estimates of test accuracy and has the potential to adversely influence patient care.<bold>Key Points: </bold>• Imaging diagnostic test accuracy conference abstracts with positive conclusions were more likely to be reported as full-text articles than those with non-positive conclusions. • The majority (75%) of imaging diagnostic test accuracy conference abstracts with positive conclusions were published, compared with only 53% and 33% with neutral and negative conclusions, respectively. • Conclusion positivity remained associated with the full-text publication of conference abstracts when controlling for multiple potential confounding variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00330-019-06568-z
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