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Physiological and metabolic responses to hypersalinity reveal interpopulation tolerance in the green macroalga Ulva compressa with different pollution histories.

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Title: Physiological and metabolic responses to hypersalinity reveal interpopulation tolerance in the green macroalga Ulva compressa with different pollution histories.
Authors: Muñoz, Pamela T.1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Rodríguez-Rojas, Fernanda1,4 (AUTHOR), Celis-Plá, Paula S.M.1,4 (AUTHOR), Méndez, Lorena1,5 (AUTHOR), Pinto, Denise1,2,4 (AUTHOR), Pardo, Diego1,4,6 (AUTHOR), Moenne, Fabiola1,4 (AUTHOR), Sánchez-Lizaso, José Luis7 (AUTHOR), Sáez, Claudio A.1,4 (AUTHOR) claudio.saez@upla.cl
Source: Aquatic Toxicology. Aug2020, Vol. 225, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Salinity, Environmental history, Ulva, Reactive oxygen species, Glutathione, Superoxide dismutase, Pollution
Geographic Terms: Chile
Abstract: • Ulva compressa from a polluted environment suffers reduced photosynthetic performance. • A population from a polluted environment shows more oxidative stress and damage. • U. compressa from a polluted location induces more glutathione and ascorbate. • A population from a polluted environment upregulates antioxidant enzymes. • Interpopulation responses to hypersalinity vary due to historic exposure to pollution. There is scarce investigation addressing interpopulation tolerance responses to address the influence of a history of chronic stress exposure, as that occurring in polluted environments, in photoautotrophs. We evaluated ecophysiological (photosynthetic activity) and metabolic (oxidative stress and damage) responses of two populations of green macroalga Ulva compressa from polluted (Ventanas) and non-polluted (Cachagua) localions of central Chile, and exposed to controlled hypersalinity conditions of 32 (control), 42, 62 and 82 psu (practical salinity units) for 6 h, 48 h and 6 d. Both primary production (ETR max) and photosynthetic efficiency (α ETR) were generally higher in the population from Cachagua compared to Ventanas at all times and salinities. Moreover, at most experimental times and salinities the population from Ventanas had greater levels of H 2 O 2 and lipid peroxidation that individuals from Cachagua. Total ascorbate was higher in the population of Cachagua than Ventanas at 42 and 82 psu after 6 and 48 h, respectively, while at 6 d concentrations were similar between both populations at all salinities. Total glutathione was greater in both populations after 6 h at all salinities, but at 48 h its concentrations were higher only in the population from Cachagua, a trend that was maintained at 6 d under 82 psu only. Reduced and oxidized ascorbate (ASC and DHA, respectively) and glutathione (GSH and GSSG, respectively) demonstrated similar patterns between U. compressa populations, with an increase oxidation with greater salinities but efficient recycling to maintain sufficient batch of ASC and GSH. When assessing the expression of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), while the population of Ventanas displayed a general trend of upregulation with increasing salinities along the experiments, U. compressa from Cachagua revealed patterns of downregulation. Results demonstrated that although both populations were still viable after the applied hypersalinities during all experimental times, biological performance was usually more affected in the population from the Ventanas than Cachagua, likely due to a depressed baseline metabolism after a long history of exposition to environmental pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:• Ulva compressa from a polluted environment suffers reduced photosynthetic performance. • A population from a polluted environment shows more oxidative stress and damage. • U. compressa from a polluted location induces more glutathione and ascorbate. • A population from a polluted environment upregulates antioxidant enzymes. • Interpopulation responses to hypersalinity vary due to historic exposure to pollution. There is scarce investigation addressing interpopulation tolerance responses to address the influence of a history of chronic stress exposure, as that occurring in polluted environments, in photoautotrophs. We evaluated ecophysiological (photosynthetic activity) and metabolic (oxidative stress and damage) responses of two populations of green macroalga Ulva compressa from polluted (Ventanas) and non-polluted (Cachagua) localions of central Chile, and exposed to controlled hypersalinity conditions of 32 (control), 42, 62 and 82 psu (practical salinity units) for 6 h, 48 h and 6 d. Both primary production (ETR max) and photosynthetic efficiency (α ETR) were generally higher in the population from Cachagua compared to Ventanas at all times and salinities. Moreover, at most experimental times and salinities the population from Ventanas had greater levels of H 2 O 2 and lipid peroxidation that individuals from Cachagua. Total ascorbate was higher in the population of Cachagua than Ventanas at 42 and 82 psu after 6 and 48 h, respectively, while at 6 d concentrations were similar between both populations at all salinities. Total glutathione was greater in both populations after 6 h at all salinities, but at 48 h its concentrations were higher only in the population from Cachagua, a trend that was maintained at 6 d under 82 psu only. Reduced and oxidized ascorbate (ASC and DHA, respectively) and glutathione (GSH and GSSG, respectively) demonstrated similar patterns between U. compressa populations, with an increase oxidation with greater salinities but efficient recycling to maintain sufficient batch of ASC and GSH. When assessing the expression of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), while the population of Ventanas displayed a general trend of upregulation with increasing salinities along the experiments, U. compressa from Cachagua revealed patterns of downregulation. Results demonstrated that although both populations were still viable after the applied hypersalinities during all experimental times, biological performance was usually more affected in the population from the Ventanas than Cachagua, likely due to a depressed baseline metabolism after a long history of exposition to environmental pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:0166445X
DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105552