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Identification of secondary metabolites in Averrhoa carambola L. bark by high-resolution mass spectrometry and evaluation for α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, elastase, and antioxidant potential.

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Title: Identification of secondary metabolites in Averrhoa carambola L. bark by high-resolution mass spectrometry and evaluation for α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, elastase, and antioxidant potential.
Authors: Islam, Syful1,2 (AUTHOR), Alam, Md Badrul1,3 (AUTHOR), Ahmed, Arif1 (AUTHOR), Lee, Seulgidaun1 (AUTHOR), Lee, Sang-Han1,3 (AUTHOR) sang@knu.ac.kr, Kim, Sunghwan1,4 (AUTHOR) sunghwank@knu.ac.kr
Source: Food Chemistry. Dec2020, Vol. 332, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Metabolites, Elastases, Free radical scavengers, Glucosidases, Mass spectrometry, Phenol oxidase, Glucose tolerance tests, Bioactive compounds
Abstract: • Comprehensive list of secondary metabolites in Averrhoa carambola (AC) is provided. • Compounds including phenolic acid, flavonoids, and xanthones are rich in AC. • Identified compounds were tested to explain biological activity of AC. • Norathyriol, epicatechin, and protocatechuic acid showed significant activity. In this study, paper spray ionization (PSI) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry has been used to identify secondary metabolites from ethanol extracts of Averrhoa carambola L. bark (ABE). Various phytoconstituents including phenolic acids, flavonoids, xanthones and terpenoids were identified from the bark. ABE shows potential antioxidant activity as well as markedly inhibited α-glucosidase, elastase, and tyrosinase enzyme activities in a concentration-dependent fashion, respectively. ABE significantly inhibited α-glucosidase at lower concentration (IC 50 : 7.15 ± 0.06 μg/mL). Identified compounds were tested to understand the biological activity of ABE. Experimental results suggest that norathyriol, one of the identified compounds, has significant α-glucosidase (IC 50 : 0.81 ± 0.01 μg/mL) inhibition and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (IC 50 : 4.90 ± 0.09 μg/mL). At a dose of 100 mg/kg, ABE significantly decreased the postprandial blood glucose level in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This study shows that carambola bark can be a potential source of bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Food Chemistry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Identification of secondary metabolites in Averrhoa carambola L. bark by high-resolution mass spectrometry and evaluation for α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, elastase, and antioxidant potential.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Islam%2C+Syful%22">Islam, Syful</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alam%2C+Md+Badrul%22">Alam, Md Badrul</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ahmed%2C+Arif%22">Ahmed, Arif</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Seulgidaun%22">Lee, Seulgidaun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Sang-Han%22">Lee, Sang-Han</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sang@knu.ac.kr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Sunghwan%22">Kim, Sunghwan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sunghwank@knu.ac.kr</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Food+Chemistry%22">Food Chemistry</searchLink>. Dec2020, Vol. 332, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metabolites%22">Metabolites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elastases%22">Elastases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Free+radical+scavengers%22">Free radical scavengers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glucosidases%22">Glucosidases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mass+spectrometry%22">Mass spectrometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenol+oxidase%22">Phenol oxidase</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glucose+tolerance+tests%22">Glucose tolerance tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bioactive+compounds%22">Bioactive compounds</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: • Comprehensive list of secondary metabolites in Averrhoa carambola (AC) is provided. • Compounds including phenolic acid, flavonoids, and xanthones are rich in AC. • Identified compounds were tested to explain biological activity of AC. • Norathyriol, epicatechin, and protocatechuic acid showed significant activity. In this study, paper spray ionization (PSI) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry has been used to identify secondary metabolites from ethanol extracts of Averrhoa carambola L. bark (ABE). Various phytoconstituents including phenolic acids, flavonoids, xanthones and terpenoids were identified from the bark. ABE shows potential antioxidant activity as well as markedly inhibited α-glucosidase, elastase, and tyrosinase enzyme activities in a concentration-dependent fashion, respectively. ABE significantly inhibited α-glucosidase at lower concentration (IC 50 : 7.15 ± 0.06 μg/mL). Identified compounds were tested to understand the biological activity of ABE. Experimental results suggest that norathyriol, one of the identified compounds, has significant α-glucosidase (IC 50 : 0.81 ± 0.01 μg/mL) inhibition and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (IC 50 : 4.90 ± 0.09 μg/mL). At a dose of 100 mg/kg, ABE significantly decreased the postprandial blood glucose level in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This study shows that carambola bark can be a potential source of bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Food Chemistry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127377
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
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      – SubjectFull: Metabolites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elastases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Free radical scavengers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glucosidases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mass spectrometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phenol oxidase
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glucose tolerance tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bioactive compounds
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Identification of secondary metabolites in Averrhoa carambola L. bark by high-resolution mass spectrometry and evaluation for α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, elastase, and antioxidant potential.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Islam, Syful
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            NameFull: Alam, Md Badrul
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            NameFull: Ahmed, Arif
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            NameFull: Lee, Seulgidaun
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            NameFull: Lee, Sang-Han
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            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2020
              Type: published
              Y: 2020
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              Value: 03088146
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              Value: 332
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            – TitleFull: Food Chemistry
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