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Kerogen Pyrolysis in the Presence and Absence of Water and Minerals. 1. Gas Components.

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Title: Kerogen Pyrolysis in the Presence and Absence of Water and Minerals. 1. Gas Components.
Authors: Pan, Changchun1,2 cpan@gig.ac.cn, Geng, Ansong2, Zhong, Ningning2, Liu, Jingzhong2, Yu, Linping2
Source: Energy & Fuels. Jan2008, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p416-427. 12p.
Subjects: Kerogen, Pyrolysis, Temperature effect, Deionization of water, Hydrocarbons
Abstract: Pyrolysis experiments on kerogen (Estonian Kukersite) were conducted in a confined system (gold capsules) in the presence and absence of water and various minerals, i.e., kaolinite, montmorillonite, calcite, and dolomite, respectively, at a fixed pressure of 50 MPa and in the temperature range 240–400 °C. For the four experiments in the presence of minerals and a large amount of deionized water (OC/mineral/water 1:24:7–10), the ratios of isobutane/n-butane and isopentane/n-pentane generally increase with temperature and mineral acidity. As to the two experiments for kerogen alone and kerogen plus a small amount of water (OC/water 1:1.5), these two ratios are relatively high at low temperature (280–320 °C) and substantially low at high temperature (320–400 °C) in comparison with the experiments in the presence of minerals and a large amount of deionized water. The ratios of ethene/ethane and propene/propane generally decrease with increasing temperature. At the same temperature, these two ratios increase with an increasing amount of water and decrease with increasing mineral acidity. Pyrolysis experiments on this Kukersite kerogen with various OC/water ratios (0–15) further demonstrated that the ratios of ethene/ethane, propene/propane, isobutane/n-butane, and isopentane/n-pentane increased with increasing water/OC ratio. In addition, the amount of the gas hydrocarbons varied significantly with water/OC ratio, i.e., from 83.20 to 109.70 mg/g of OC at 350 °C and from 271.50 to 340.07 mg/g of OC at 450 °C, with the water/OC ratio increasing from 0 to 15. The amount of CO2 produced also increases substantially and consistently with that of gas hydrocarbons with water/OC ratio. The amount of oxygen in the generated CO2 exceeds the oxygen in the initial kerogen in the experiments with water/OC ratios of 10 and 14.5 at 450 °C, indicating that water derived hydrogen and oxygen have been incorporated into gas hydrocarbons and CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energy & Fuels is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Kerogen Pyrolysis in the Presence and Absence of Water and Minerals. 1. Gas Components.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pan%2C+Changchun%22">Pan, Changchun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> cpan@gig.ac.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Geng%2C+Ansong%22">Geng, Ansong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhong%2C+Ningning%22">Zhong, Ningning</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Jingzhong%22">Liu, Jingzhong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Linping%22">Yu, Linping</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energy+%26+Fuels%22">Energy & Fuels</searchLink>. Jan2008, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p416-427. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kerogen%22">Kerogen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pyrolysis%22">Pyrolysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature+effect%22">Temperature effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deionization+of+water%22">Deionization of water</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrocarbons%22">Hydrocarbons</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Pyrolysis experiments on kerogen (Estonian Kukersite) were conducted in a confined system (gold capsules) in the presence and absence of water and various minerals, i.e., kaolinite, montmorillonite, calcite, and dolomite, respectively, at a fixed pressure of 50 MPa and in the temperature range 240–400 °C. For the four experiments in the presence of minerals and a large amount of deionized water (OC/mineral/water 1:24:7–10), the ratios of isobutane/n-butane and isopentane/n-pentane generally increase with temperature and mineral acidity. As to the two experiments for kerogen alone and kerogen plus a small amount of water (OC/water 1:1.5), these two ratios are relatively high at low temperature (280–320 °C) and substantially low at high temperature (320–400 °C) in comparison with the experiments in the presence of minerals and a large amount of deionized water. The ratios of ethene/ethane and propene/propane generally decrease with increasing temperature. At the same temperature, these two ratios increase with an increasing amount of water and decrease with increasing mineral acidity. Pyrolysis experiments on this Kukersite kerogen with various OC/water ratios (0–15) further demonstrated that the ratios of ethene/ethane, propene/propane, isobutane/n-butane, and isopentane/n-pentane increased with increasing water/OC ratio. In addition, the amount of the gas hydrocarbons varied significantly with water/OC ratio, i.e., from 83.20 to 109.70 mg/g of OC at 350 °C and from 271.50 to 340.07 mg/g of OC at 450 °C, with the water/OC ratio increasing from 0 to 15. The amount of CO2 produced also increases substantially and consistently with that of gas hydrocarbons with water/OC ratio. The amount of oxygen in the generated CO2 exceeds the oxygen in the initial kerogen in the experiments with water/OC ratios of 10 and 14.5 at 450 °C, indicating that water derived hydrogen and oxygen have been incorporated into gas hydrocarbons and CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energy & Fuels is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1021/ef700227e
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 416
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Kerogen
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pyrolysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Temperature effect
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deionization of water
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrocarbons
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Kerogen Pyrolysis in the Presence and Absence of Water and Minerals. 1. Gas Components.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Pan, Changchun
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            NameFull: Geng, Ansong
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            NameFull: Zhong, Ningning
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            NameFull: Liu, Jingzhong
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            NameFull: Yu, Linping
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2008
              Type: published
              Y: 2008
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              Value: 08870624
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              Value: 22
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              Value: 1
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Energy & Fuels
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