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On the effect of pressure on soot nanostructure: A Raman spectroscopy investigation.

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Title: On the effect of pressure on soot nanostructure: A Raman spectroscopy investigation.
Authors: Commodo, Mario1 (AUTHOR) commodo@cnr.it, Karataş, Ahmet E.2 (AUTHOR), De Falco, Gianluigi3 (AUTHOR), Minutolo, Patrizia1 (AUTHOR), D'Anna, Andrea3 (AUTHOR), Gülder, Ömer L.1,4 (AUTHOR) ogulder@utias.utoronto.ca
Source: Combustion & Flame. Sep2020, Vol. 219, p13-19. 7p.
Subjects: Flame, Soot, Raman spectroscopy, Atmospheric pressure, Pressure, Graphitization
Abstract: Although the majority of existing combustion devices operate at high pressure conditions, most of our understanding of the soot formation process and soot physicochemical properties rely on studies performed at atmospheric pressure. Pressure is known to have nonlinear effects on combustion processes and a significant influence on soot formation; soot loading increases with increasing combustion pressure. Soot characteristics directly affect soot oxidation and optical/radiative properties, and it is desirable to have a better insight into them under high-pressure conditions. Due to scarcity of information on soot primary particles, aggregate morphology, and soot nanostructure relevant to high-pressure combustion, there are challenges in predicting soot oxidation and radiation, particularly at engine-relevant conditions. In this study, we perform Raman spectroscopy measurements on soot sampled from a set of laminar diffusion flames of ethylene at various pressures, ranging from atmospheric pressure to 12 bar. Our results show an increase in soot maturity as the pressure increases within the range of investigated pressures. In the examined co-flow flames, pressure seems to have an indirect influence on soot nanostructure through an earlier inception of soot, resulting in longer residence times of the carbon soot particles in the hot and reactive flame environment. It is found that soot maturity, tracked through the size of graphitic domains, L a , increases linearly with residence times. The longer residence time of soot in high-pressure flames could be the main cause of the higher degree of graphitization observed, which suggests a greater resistance to oxidation with increasing pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 145208548
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: On the effect of pressure on soot nanostructure: A Raman spectroscopy investigation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Commodo%2C+Mario%22">Commodo, Mario</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> commodo@cnr.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karataş%2C+Ahmet+E%2E%22">Karataş, Ahmet E.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+Falco%2C+Gianluigi%22">De Falco, Gianluigi</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Minutolo%2C+Patrizia%22">Minutolo, Patrizia</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22D'Anna%2C+Andrea%22">D'Anna, Andrea</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gülder%2C+Ömer+L%2E%22">Gülder, Ömer L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ogulder@utias.utoronto.ca</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Combustion+%26+Flame%22">Combustion & Flame</searchLink>. Sep2020, Vol. 219, p13-19. 7p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flame%22">Flame</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soot%22">Soot</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Raman+spectroscopy%22">Raman spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+pressure%22">Atmospheric pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pressure%22">Pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graphitization%22">Graphitization</searchLink>
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  Data: Although the majority of existing combustion devices operate at high pressure conditions, most of our understanding of the soot formation process and soot physicochemical properties rely on studies performed at atmospheric pressure. Pressure is known to have nonlinear effects on combustion processes and a significant influence on soot formation; soot loading increases with increasing combustion pressure. Soot characteristics directly affect soot oxidation and optical/radiative properties, and it is desirable to have a better insight into them under high-pressure conditions. Due to scarcity of information on soot primary particles, aggregate morphology, and soot nanostructure relevant to high-pressure combustion, there are challenges in predicting soot oxidation and radiation, particularly at engine-relevant conditions. In this study, we perform Raman spectroscopy measurements on soot sampled from a set of laminar diffusion flames of ethylene at various pressures, ranging from atmospheric pressure to 12 bar. Our results show an increase in soot maturity as the pressure increases within the range of investigated pressures. In the examined co-flow flames, pressure seems to have an indirect influence on soot nanostructure through an earlier inception of soot, resulting in longer residence times of the carbon soot particles in the hot and reactive flame environment. It is found that soot maturity, tracked through the size of graphitic domains, L a , increases linearly with residence times. The longer residence time of soot in high-pressure flames could be the main cause of the higher degree of graphitization observed, which suggests a greater resistance to oxidation with increasing pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Combustion & Flame is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.04.008
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 13
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      – SubjectFull: Flame
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soot
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Raman spectroscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric pressure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pressure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Graphitization
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      – TitleFull: On the effect of pressure on soot nanostructure: A Raman spectroscopy investigation.
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            NameFull: Commodo, Mario
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            NameFull: Karataş, Ahmet E.
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            NameFull: De Falco, Gianluigi
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            NameFull: D'Anna, Andrea
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2020
              Type: published
              Y: 2020
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              Value: 219
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