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A Novel In Situ Toxicity Identification Evaluation (iTIE) System for Determining which Chemicals Drive Impairments at Contaminated Sites.

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Title: A Novel In Situ Toxicity Identification Evaluation (iTIE) System for Determining which Chemicals Drive Impairments at Contaminated Sites.
Authors: Burton, G. Allen1 (AUTHOR) burtonal@umich.edu, Cervi, Eduardo Cimino1 (AUTHOR), Meyer, Kathryn1 (AUTHOR), Steigmeyer, August1 (AUTHOR), Verhamme, Edward2 (AUTHOR), Daley, Jennifer2 (AUTHOR), Hudson, Michelle3 (AUTHOR), Colvin, Marienne4 (AUTHOR), Rosen, Gunther4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry. Sep2020, Vol. 39 Issue 9, p1746-1754. 9p.
Subjects: Hazardous waste sites, Ecological risk assessment, Environmental protection, Toxicity testing, Freshwater organisms
Abstract: Human‐dominated waterways contain thousands of chemicals. Determining which chemical is the most important stressor is important, yet very challenging. The Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) procedure from the US Environmental Protection Agency uses a series of chemical and physical manipulations to fractionate compounds within a matrix and systematically identify potential toxicants through laboratory bioassay testing. Although this may provide useful information, it lacks ecological realism because it is subject to laboratory‐related artifacts and is resource intensive. The in situ Toxicity Identification Evaluation (iTIE) technology was developed to improve this approach and has undergone a number of modifications over the past several years. The novel prototype 3 consists of an array of iTIE ambient water fractionation units. Each unit is connected to a peristaltic pumping system with an organism exposure chamber that receives water from a resin chamber to chemically fractionate test site water. Test organisms included freshwater and marine standard toxicity test species. Postfractionation waters are collected for subsequent chemical analyses. Currently, the resins allow for separation of ammonia, metals, and nonpolar organics; the subsequent toxicity responses are compared between treatments and unfractionated, ambient exposures. The iTIE system was deployed to a depth of 3 m and evaluated in streams and marine harbors. Chemical analyses of water and iTIE chemical sorptive resins confirmed chemical groups causing lethal to sublethal responses. The system proved to be as sensitive or more so than the traditional phase 1 TIE test and required almost half of the resources to complete. This iTIE prototype provides a robust technology that improves stressor–causality linkages and thereby supports strong evidence for ecological risk weight‐of‐evidence assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1746–1754. © 2020 SETAC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A Novel In Situ Toxicity Identification Evaluation (iTIE) System for Determining which Chemicals Drive Impairments at Contaminated Sites.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hazardous+waste+sites%22">Hazardous waste sites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ecological+risk+assessment%22">Ecological risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+protection%22">Environmental protection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Toxicity+testing%22">Toxicity testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Freshwater+organisms%22">Freshwater organisms</searchLink>
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  Data: Human‐dominated waterways contain thousands of chemicals. Determining which chemical is the most important stressor is important, yet very challenging. The Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) procedure from the US Environmental Protection Agency uses a series of chemical and physical manipulations to fractionate compounds within a matrix and systematically identify potential toxicants through laboratory bioassay testing. Although this may provide useful information, it lacks ecological realism because it is subject to laboratory‐related artifacts and is resource intensive. The in situ Toxicity Identification Evaluation (iTIE) technology was developed to improve this approach and has undergone a number of modifications over the past several years. The novel prototype 3 consists of an array of iTIE ambient water fractionation units. Each unit is connected to a peristaltic pumping system with an organism exposure chamber that receives water from a resin chamber to chemically fractionate test site water. Test organisms included freshwater and marine standard toxicity test species. Postfractionation waters are collected for subsequent chemical analyses. Currently, the resins allow for separation of ammonia, metals, and nonpolar organics; the subsequent toxicity responses are compared between treatments and unfractionated, ambient exposures. The iTIE system was deployed to a depth of 3 m and evaluated in streams and marine harbors. Chemical analyses of water and iTIE chemical sorptive resins confirmed chemical groups causing lethal to sublethal responses. The system proved to be as sensitive or more so than the traditional phase 1 TIE test and required almost half of the resources to complete. This iTIE prototype provides a robust technology that improves stressor–causality linkages and thereby supports strong evidence for ecological risk weight‐of‐evidence assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1746–1754. © 2020 SETAC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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