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Gamma radiation attenuation characteristics for lithium-zinc-tellurite glasses using Geant4 code and PDS computer software.

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Title: Gamma radiation attenuation characteristics for lithium-zinc-tellurite glasses using Geant4 code and PDS computer software.
Authors: Al-Hadeethi, Y.1 (AUTHOR) dr.mabualssayed@gmail.com, Sayyed, M.I.2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Ceramics International. Jan2021, Vol. 47 Issue 2, p1660-1665. 6p.
Subjects: Gamma rays, Attenuation coefficients, Computer software, Radiation shielding, Computer programming, Ochratoxins
Abstract: Six glass samples with the composition of TeO 2 -Li 2 O-ZnO were analyzed for their radiation shielding properties. The radiation shielding factors for the lithium-zinc-tellurite glasses were reported using the Geant4 code and Phy-X/PSD program. The transmission factor (TF) was determined for different thicknesses and the results revealed that the TF decreases with increasing the thickness of the glass. For TeLiZ1, increasing the thickness of the sample from 0.4 cm to 1.6 cm led to decrease the transmission of the photon from 0.84 to 0.48 at 0.5 MeV and from 0.94 to 0.76 at 4 MeV. The radiation protection efficiency (RPE) results showed that a thicker glass sample absorbs a higher number of photons, implying that lower radiation pass among the glass, increasing RPE. Also, the glass coded as TeLiZ6 has higher RPE than that of TeLiZ1 glass which suggests that at higher content of TeO 2 (85 mol%), the more efficient the glass is at shielding the incoming photons. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) obtained by both methods (Geant4 and Phy-X/PSD showed a good agreement for all the glasses and at all investigated energies. The LAC indicates a strong energy dependence, especially at low energies. The LAC also increases as more TeO 2 is added to the glasses. TeLiZ6 (85TeO 2 -15Li 2 O, ρ = 5.164 g/cm 3) has the highest RPE and lowest TF, while TeLiZ1 (60TeO 2 -15Li 2 O-25ZnO, ρ = 4.976 g/cm3) has the lowest RPE and highest TF. The tenth value layer (TVL) was also determined and it was observed that TVL increases with increasing energy, reaching a maximum value at 10 MeV and varying between 12.919 and 13.808 cm. By contrast, the minimum TVL is reported at 15 keV and varies between 0.0106 and 0.0112 cm. The addition of TeO 2 decreases the TVL, with TeLiZ6 having the least TVL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Gamma radiation attenuation characteristics for lithium-zinc-tellurite glasses using Geant4 code and PDS computer software.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Hadeethi%2C+Y%2E%22">Al-Hadeethi, Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> dr.mabualssayed@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sayyed%2C+M%2EI%2E%22">Sayyed, M.I.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ceramics+International%22">Ceramics International</searchLink>. Jan2021, Vol. 47 Issue 2, p1660-1665. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gamma+rays%22">Gamma rays</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attenuation+coefficients%22">Attenuation coefficients</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+software%22">Computer software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radiation+shielding%22">Radiation shielding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+programming%22">Computer programming</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ochratoxins%22">Ochratoxins</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Six glass samples with the composition of TeO 2 -Li 2 O-ZnO were analyzed for their radiation shielding properties. The radiation shielding factors for the lithium-zinc-tellurite glasses were reported using the Geant4 code and Phy-X/PSD program. The transmission factor (TF) was determined for different thicknesses and the results revealed that the TF decreases with increasing the thickness of the glass. For TeLiZ1, increasing the thickness of the sample from 0.4 cm to 1.6 cm led to decrease the transmission of the photon from 0.84 to 0.48 at 0.5 MeV and from 0.94 to 0.76 at 4 MeV. The radiation protection efficiency (RPE) results showed that a thicker glass sample absorbs a higher number of photons, implying that lower radiation pass among the glass, increasing RPE. Also, the glass coded as TeLiZ6 has higher RPE than that of TeLiZ1 glass which suggests that at higher content of TeO 2 (85 mol%), the more efficient the glass is at shielding the incoming photons. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) obtained by both methods (Geant4 and Phy-X/PSD showed a good agreement for all the glasses and at all investigated energies. The LAC indicates a strong energy dependence, especially at low energies. The LAC also increases as more TeO 2 is added to the glasses. TeLiZ6 (85TeO 2 -15Li 2 O, ρ = 5.164 g/cm 3) has the highest RPE and lowest TF, while TeLiZ1 (60TeO 2 -15Li 2 O-25ZnO, ρ = 4.976 g/cm3) has the lowest RPE and highest TF. The tenth value layer (TVL) was also determined and it was observed that TVL increases with increasing energy, reaching a maximum value at 10 MeV and varying between 12.919 and 13.808 cm. By contrast, the minimum TVL is reported at 15 keV and varies between 0.0106 and 0.0112 cm. The addition of TeO 2 decreases the TVL, with TeLiZ6 having the least TVL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.08.282
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attenuation coefficients
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      – SubjectFull: Ochratoxins
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      – TitleFull: Gamma radiation attenuation characteristics for lithium-zinc-tellurite glasses using Geant4 code and PDS computer software.
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              Text: Jan2021
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