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Goethite Nanorods: Synthesis and Investigation of the Size Effect on Their Orientation within a Magnetic Field by SAXS.

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Title: Goethite Nanorods: Synthesis and Investigation of the Size Effect on Their Orientation within a Magnetic Field by SAXS.
Authors: Hinrichs, Stephan1 (AUTHOR) stephanhinrichs64@gmail.com, Grossmann, Larissa1 (AUTHOR) fcux268@studium.uni-hamburg.de, Clasen, Eike1 (AUTHOR) eike.clasen@gmx.de, Grotian genannt Klages, Hannah1 (AUTHOR) hannah.grotian@chemie.uni-hamburg.de, Skroblin, Dieter2 (AUTHOR) dieter.skroblin@ptb.de, Gollwitzer, Christian2 (AUTHOR) christian.gollwitzer@ptb.de, Meyer, Andreas1 (AUTHOR) andreas.meyer@chemie.uni-hamburg.de, Hankiewicz, Birgit1 (AUTHOR) Birgit.Hankiewicz@chemie.uni-hamburg.de
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Dec2020, Vol. 10 Issue 12, p2526. 1p.
Subjects: Goethite, Nanorod synthesis, Magnetic fields, Small-angle scattering, Magnetic particles, Magnetic properties
Abstract: Goethite is a naturally anisotropic, antiferromagnetic iron oxide. Following its atomic structure, crystals grow into a fine needle shape that has interesting properties in a magnetic field. The needles align parallel to weak magnetic fields and perpendicular when subjected to high fields. We synthesized goethite nanorods with lengths between 200 nm and 650 nm in a two-step process. In a first step we synthesized precursor particles made of akaganeite (β-FeOOH) rods from iron(III)chloride. The precursors were then treated in a hydrothermal reactor under alkaline conditions with NaOH and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to form goethite needles. The aspect ratio was tunable between 8 and 15, based on the conditions during hydrothermal treatment. The orientation of these particles in a magnetic field was investigated by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). We observed that the field strength required to trigger a reorientation is dependent on the length and aspect ratio of the particles and could be shifted from 85 mT for the small particles to about 147 mT for the large particles. These particles could provide highly interesting magnetic properties to nanocomposites, that could then be used for sensing applications or membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Goethite Nanorods: Synthesis and Investigation of the Size Effect on Their Orientation within a Magnetic Field by SAXS.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hinrichs%2C+Stephan%22">Hinrichs, Stephan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> stephanhinrichs64@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Grossmann%2C+Larissa%22">Grossmann, Larissa</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> fcux268@studium.uni-hamburg.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clasen%2C+Eike%22">Clasen, Eike</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> eike.clasen@gmx.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Grotian+genannt+Klages%2C+Hannah%22">Grotian genannt Klages, Hannah</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> hannah.grotian@chemie.uni-hamburg.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Skroblin%2C+Dieter%22">Skroblin, Dieter</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> dieter.skroblin@ptb.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gollwitzer%2C+Christian%22">Gollwitzer, Christian</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> christian.gollwitzer@ptb.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meyer%2C+Andreas%22">Meyer, Andreas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> andreas.meyer@chemie.uni-hamburg.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hankiewicz%2C+Birgit%22">Hankiewicz, Birgit</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> Birgit.Hankiewicz@chemie.uni-hamburg.de</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Goethite%22">Goethite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanorod+synthesis%22">Nanorod synthesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+fields%22">Magnetic fields</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Small-angle+scattering%22">Small-angle scattering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+particles%22">Magnetic particles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+properties%22">Magnetic properties</searchLink>
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  Data: Goethite is a naturally anisotropic, antiferromagnetic iron oxide. Following its atomic structure, crystals grow into a fine needle shape that has interesting properties in a magnetic field. The needles align parallel to weak magnetic fields and perpendicular when subjected to high fields. We synthesized goethite nanorods with lengths between 200 nm and 650 nm in a two-step process. In a first step we synthesized precursor particles made of akaganeite (β-FeOOH) rods from iron(III)chloride. The precursors were then treated in a hydrothermal reactor under alkaline conditions with NaOH and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to form goethite needles. The aspect ratio was tunable between 8 and 15, based on the conditions during hydrothermal treatment. The orientation of these particles in a magnetic field was investigated by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). We observed that the field strength required to trigger a reorientation is dependent on the length and aspect ratio of the particles and could be shifted from 85 mT for the small particles to about 147 mT for the large particles. These particles could provide highly interesting magnetic properties to nanocomposites, that could then be used for sensing applications or membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano10122526
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Goethite
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanorod synthesis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic fields
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      – SubjectFull: Small-angle scattering
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      – SubjectFull: Magnetic particles
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      – SubjectFull: Magnetic properties
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      – TitleFull: Goethite Nanorods: Synthesis and Investigation of the Size Effect on Their Orientation within a Magnetic Field by SAXS.
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2020
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