View in EDS

Catalytic hydrogenation and etherification of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2-(alkoxymethyl)-5-methylfuran and 2,5-bis(alkoxymethyl)furan as potential biofuel additives.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Catalytic hydrogenation and etherification of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2-(alkoxymethyl)-5-methylfuran and 2,5-bis(alkoxymethyl)furan as potential biofuel additives.
Authors: Elsayed, Islam1,2 (AUTHOR), Jackson, Michael A.3 (AUTHOR), Hassan, El Barbary1 (AUTHOR) e.hassan@msstate.edu
Source: Fuel Processing Technology. Mar2021, Vol. 213, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Catalytic hydrogenation, Etherification, Biomass energy, Acid catalysts, Activated carbon, Propanols, Zinc catalysts
Abstract: In this study, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was converted into several biofuel additives such as alkoxymethylfurans (AMFs) and 2,5-bis(alkoxymethyl)furans (BAMFs) through two-step sequential hydrogenation and etherification reactions. In the first step, zinc‑iron magnetic nanocatalyst supported on activated carbon (ZnO-Fe 3 O 4 /AC) was prepared for the selective hydrogenation of HMF into BHMF and 5-MFA via Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reaction in three different hydrogen donor alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1-butanol). The important physical properties of the catalyst such as crystallinity, chemical composition, morphology, reduction behavior, and surface area were studied by using several analytical techniques. The effect of hydrogenation parameters such as catalyst concentration, temperature, and time on the selectivity of (BHMF and 5-MFA), and HMF conversion were studied. The best hydrogenation results were obtained with 0.2 mmole HMF and 100 mg of catalyst at 200 °C for 12 h. In the second step, three commercial Brønsted acid catalysts were used to convert the hydrogenated products into alkoxymethylfurans (AMFs) and 2,5-bis(alkoxymethyl)furans (BAMFs). At the optimum etherification conditions (65 °C and 10 h), a spectrum of mono-, di-, and tri- ether compounds were obtained. The hydrogenation catalyst (ZnO-Fe 3 O 4 /AC) was recycled and used for five times without a remarkable reduction in its catalytic activity. Unlabelled Image • ZnO-Fe 3 O 4 /AC cost-effective bimetallic nanocatalyst was successfully prepared. • The catalyst exhibited unique catalytic reactivity for the selective hydrogenation of 5-HMF to BHMF. • BHMF was successfully converted into biofuel additives using Brønsted acid catalysts. • More than 85% of AMFs and BAMFs were achieved at the end of etherification step. • The hydrogenation catalyst was recycled and used successfully for five cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:In this study, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was converted into several biofuel additives such as alkoxymethylfurans (AMFs) and 2,5-bis(alkoxymethyl)furans (BAMFs) through two-step sequential hydrogenation and etherification reactions. In the first step, zinc‑iron magnetic nanocatalyst supported on activated carbon (ZnO-Fe 3 O 4 /AC) was prepared for the selective hydrogenation of HMF into BHMF and 5-MFA via Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reaction in three different hydrogen donor alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1-butanol). The important physical properties of the catalyst such as crystallinity, chemical composition, morphology, reduction behavior, and surface area were studied by using several analytical techniques. The effect of hydrogenation parameters such as catalyst concentration, temperature, and time on the selectivity of (BHMF and 5-MFA), and HMF conversion were studied. The best hydrogenation results were obtained with 0.2 mmole HMF and 100 mg of catalyst at 200 °C for 12 h. In the second step, three commercial Brønsted acid catalysts were used to convert the hydrogenated products into alkoxymethylfurans (AMFs) and 2,5-bis(alkoxymethyl)furans (BAMFs). At the optimum etherification conditions (65 °C and 10 h), a spectrum of mono-, di-, and tri- ether compounds were obtained. The hydrogenation catalyst (ZnO-Fe 3 O 4 /AC) was recycled and used for five times without a remarkable reduction in its catalytic activity. Unlabelled Image • ZnO-Fe 3 O 4 /AC cost-effective bimetallic nanocatalyst was successfully prepared. • The catalyst exhibited unique catalytic reactivity for the selective hydrogenation of 5-HMF to BHMF. • BHMF was successfully converted into biofuel additives using Brønsted acid catalysts. • More than 85% of AMFs and BAMFs were achieved at the end of etherification step. • The hydrogenation catalyst was recycled and used successfully for five cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:03783820
DOI:10.1016/j.fuproc.2020.106672