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Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Gene Cluster: Prediction of Enterotoxin (SEG and SEI) Production and of the Source of Food Poisoning on the Basis of vSaβ Typing.

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Title: Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Gene Cluster: Prediction of Enterotoxin (SEG and SEI) Production and of the Source of Food Poisoning on the Basis of vSaβ Typing.
Authors: Schwendimann, L.1,2 livia.schwendimann@agroscope.admin.ch, Merda, D.2, Berger, T.1, Denayer, S.3, Feraudet-Tarisse, C.4, Kläui, A. J.1, Messio, S.2, Mistou, M. Y.5, Nia, Y.2, Hennekinne, J. A.2, Graber, H. U.1
Source: Applied & Environmental Microbiology. Feb2021, Vol. 87 Issue 5, p1-15. 15p.
Subjects: Food poisoning, Enterotoxins, Gene clusters, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Exotoxin, Food production, Comparative genomics
Abstract: Currently, only 5 (SEA to SEE) out of 27 known staphylococcal enterotoxins can be analyzed using commercially available kits. Six genes (seg, sei, sem, sen, seo, and seu), encoding putative and undetectable enterotoxins, are located on the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc), which is part of the Staphylococcus aureus genomic island vSaβ. These enterotoxins have been described as likely being involved in staphylococcal food-poisoning outbreaks. The aim of the present study was to determine if whole-genome data can be used for the prediction of staphylococcal egc enterotoxin production, particularly enterotoxin G (SEG) and enterotoxin I (SEI). For this purpose, whole-genome sequences of 75 Staphylococcus aureus strains from different origins (food-poisoning outbreaks, human, and animal) were investigated by applying bioinformatics methods (phylogenetic analysis using the core genome and different alignments). SEG and SEI expression was tested in vitro using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Strains could be allocated to 14 different vSaβ types, each type being associated with a single clonal complex (CC). In addition, the vSaβ type and CC were associated with the origin of the strain (human or cattle derived). The amount of SEG and SEI produced also correlated with the vSaβ type and the CC of a strain. The present results show promising indications that the in vitro production of SEG and SEI can be predicted based on the vSaβ type or CC of a strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Gene Cluster: Prediction of Enterotoxin (SEG and SEI) Production and of the Source of Food Poisoning on the Basis of vSaβ Typing.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schwendimann%2C+L%2E%22">Schwendimann, L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> livia.schwendimann@agroscope.admin.ch</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Merda%2C+D%2E%22">Merda, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Berger%2C+T%2E%22">Berger, T.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Denayer%2C+S%2E%22">Denayer, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Feraudet-Tarisse%2C+C%2E%22">Feraudet-Tarisse, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kläui%2C+A%2E+J%2E%22">Kläui, A. J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Messio%2C+S%2E%22">Messio, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mistou%2C+M%2E+Y%2E%22">Mistou, M. Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nia%2C+Y%2E%22">Nia, Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hennekinne%2C+J%2E+A%2E%22">Hennekinne, J. A.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Graber%2C+H%2E+U%2E%22">Graber, H. U.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+poisoning%22">Food poisoning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Enterotoxins%22">Enterotoxins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gene+clusters%22">Gene clusters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Enzyme-linked+immunosorbent+assay%22">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Exotoxin%22">Exotoxin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+production%22">Food production</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+genomics%22">Comparative genomics</searchLink>
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  Data: Currently, only 5 (SEA to SEE) out of 27 known staphylococcal enterotoxins can be analyzed using commercially available kits. Six genes (seg, sei, sem, sen, seo, and seu), encoding putative and undetectable enterotoxins, are located on the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc), which is part of the Staphylococcus aureus genomic island vSaβ. These enterotoxins have been described as likely being involved in staphylococcal food-poisoning outbreaks. The aim of the present study was to determine if whole-genome data can be used for the prediction of staphylococcal egc enterotoxin production, particularly enterotoxin G (SEG) and enterotoxin I (SEI). For this purpose, whole-genome sequences of 75 Staphylococcus aureus strains from different origins (food-poisoning outbreaks, human, and animal) were investigated by applying bioinformatics methods (phylogenetic analysis using the core genome and different alignments). SEG and SEI expression was tested in vitro using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Strains could be allocated to 14 different vSaβ types, each type being associated with a single clonal complex (CC). In addition, the vSaβ type and CC were associated with the origin of the strain (human or cattle derived). The amount of SEG and SEI produced also correlated with the vSaβ type and the CC of a strain. The present results show promising indications that the in vitro production of SEG and SEI can be predicted based on the vSaβ type or CC of a strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1128/AEM.02662-20
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 15
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Food poisoning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Enterotoxins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gene clusters
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      – SubjectFull: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
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      – SubjectFull: Exotoxin
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      – SubjectFull: Food production
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      – SubjectFull: Comparative genomics
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