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Heating of hip joint implants in MRI: The combined effect of RF and switched‐gradient fields.

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Title: Heating of hip joint implants in MRI: The combined effect of RF and switched‐gradient fields.
Authors: Arduino, Alessandro1 (AUTHOR), Zanovello, Umberto1 (AUTHOR), Hand, Jeff2 (AUTHOR), Zilberti, Luca1 (AUTHOR), Brühl, Rüdiger3 (AUTHOR), Chiampi, Mario1 (AUTHOR), Bottauscio, Oriano1 (AUTHOR) o.bottauscio@inrim.it
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Jun2021, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p3447-3462. 16p.
Subjects: Hip joint, Magnetic resonance imaging, Artificial hip joints, Posture, Skin temperature
Abstract: Purpose: To investigate how the simultaneous exposure to gradient and RF fields affects the temperature rise in patients with a metallic hip prosthesis during an MRI session. Methods: In silico analysis was performed with an anatomically realistic human model with CoCrMo hip implant in 12 imaging positions. The analysis was performed at 1.5 T and 3 T, considering four clinical sequences: turbo spin‐echo, EPI, gradient‐echo, and true fast imaging sequence with steady precession. The exposure to gradient and RF fields was evaluated separately and superposed, by adopting an ad hoc computational algorithm. Temperature increase within the body, rather than specific absorption rate, was used as a safety metric. Results: With the exception of gradient‐echo, all investigated sequences produced temperature increases higher than 1 K after 360 seconds, at least for one body position. In general, RF‐induced heating dominates the turbo spin‐echo sequence, whereas gradient‐induced heating prevails with EPI; the situation with fast imaging sequence with steady precession is more diversified. The RF effects are enhanced when the implant is within the RF coil, whereas the effects of gradient fields are maximized if the prosthesis is outside the imaging region. Cases for which temperature‐increase thresholds were exceeded were identified, together with the corresponding amount of tissue mass involved and the exposure time needed to reach these limits. Conclusion: The analysis confirms that risky situations may occur when a patient carrying a hip implant undergoes an MRI exam and that, in some cases, the gradient field heating may be significant. In general, exclusion criteria only based on whole‐body specific absorption rate may not be sufficient to ensure patients' safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Heating of hip joint implants in MRI: The combined effect of RF and switched‐gradient fields.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arduino%2C+Alessandro%22">Arduino, Alessandro</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zanovello%2C+Umberto%22">Zanovello, Umberto</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hand%2C+Jeff%22">Hand, Jeff</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zilberti%2C+Luca%22">Zilberti, Luca</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brühl%2C+Rüdiger%22">Brühl, Rüdiger</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chiampi%2C+Mario%22">Chiampi, Mario</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bottauscio%2C+Oriano%22">Bottauscio, Oriano</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> o.bottauscio@inrim.it</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine%22">Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</searchLink>. Jun2021, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p3447-3462. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hip+joint%22">Hip joint</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+resonance+imaging%22">Magnetic resonance imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Artificial+hip+joints%22">Artificial hip joints</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Posture%22">Posture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Skin+temperature%22">Skin temperature</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: To investigate how the simultaneous exposure to gradient and RF fields affects the temperature rise in patients with a metallic hip prosthesis during an MRI session. Methods: In silico analysis was performed with an anatomically realistic human model with CoCrMo hip implant in 12 imaging positions. The analysis was performed at 1.5 T and 3 T, considering four clinical sequences: turbo spin‐echo, EPI, gradient‐echo, and true fast imaging sequence with steady precession. The exposure to gradient and RF fields was evaluated separately and superposed, by adopting an ad hoc computational algorithm. Temperature increase within the body, rather than specific absorption rate, was used as a safety metric. Results: With the exception of gradient‐echo, all investigated sequences produced temperature increases higher than 1 K after 360 seconds, at least for one body position. In general, RF‐induced heating dominates the turbo spin‐echo sequence, whereas gradient‐induced heating prevails with EPI; the situation with fast imaging sequence with steady precession is more diversified. The RF effects are enhanced when the implant is within the RF coil, whereas the effects of gradient fields are maximized if the prosthesis is outside the imaging region. Cases for which temperature‐increase thresholds were exceeded were identified, together with the corresponding amount of tissue mass involved and the exposure time needed to reach these limits. Conclusion: The analysis confirms that risky situations may occur when a patient carrying a hip implant undergoes an MRI exam and that, in some cases, the gradient field heating may be significant. In general, exclusion criteria only based on whole‐body specific absorption rate may not be sufficient to ensure patients' safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/mrm.28666
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic resonance imaging
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      – SubjectFull: Artificial hip joints
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      – SubjectFull: Posture
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      – SubjectFull: Skin temperature
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      – TitleFull: Heating of hip joint implants in MRI: The combined effect of RF and switched‐gradient fields.
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2021
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              Y: 2021
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