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Global elongation and high shape flexibility as an evolutionary hypothesis of accommodating mammalian brains into skulls.

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Title: Global elongation and high shape flexibility as an evolutionary hypothesis of accommodating mammalian brains into skulls.
Authors: Weisbecker, Vera1,2 (AUTHOR) vera.weisbecker@flinders.edu.au, Rowe, Timothy3 (AUTHOR), Wroe, Stephen4 (AUTHOR), Macrini, Thomas E.5 (AUTHOR), Garland, Kathleen L. S.6 (AUTHOR), Travouillon, Kenny J.7 (AUTHOR), Black, Karen8 (AUTHOR), Archer, Michael8 (AUTHOR), Hand, Suzanne J.8 (AUTHOR), Berlin, Jeri C.3 (AUTHOR), Beck, Robin M.D.9 (AUTHOR), Ladevèze, Sandrine10 (AUTHOR), Sharp, Alana C.11 (AUTHOR), Mardon, Karine12 (AUTHOR), Sherratt, Emma13 (AUTHOR) emma.sherratt@gmail.com
Source: Evolution. Mar2021, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p625-640. 16p.
Subjects: Size of brain, Skull, Cerebral hemispheres, Marsupials, Morphometrics
Abstract: Little is known about how the large brains of mammals are accommodated into the dazzling diversity of their skulls. It has been suggested that brain shape is influenced by relative brain size, that it evolves or develops according to extrinsic or intrinsic mechanical constraints, and that its shape can provide insights into its proportions and function. Here, we characterize the shape variation among 84 marsupial cranial endocasts of 57 species including fossils, using three‐dimensional geometric morphometrics and virtual dissections. Statistical shape analysis revealed four main patterns: over half of endocast shape variation ranges from elongate and straight to globular and inclined; little allometric variation with respect to centroid size, and none for relative volume; no association between locomotion and endocast shape; limited association between endocast shape and previously published histological cortex volumes. Fossil species tend to have smaller cerebral hemispheres. We find divergent endocast shapes in closely related species and within species, and diverse morphologies superimposed over the main variation. An evolutionarily and individually malleable brain with a fundamental tendency to arrange into a spectrum of elongate‐to‐globular shapes—possibly mostly independent of brain function—may explain the accommodation of brains within the enormous diversity of mammalian skull form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Evolution is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
FullText Text:
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Global elongation and high shape flexibility as an evolutionary hypothesis of accommodating mammalian brains into skulls.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weisbecker%2C+Vera%22">Weisbecker, Vera</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> vera.weisbecker@flinders.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rowe%2C+Timothy%22">Rowe, Timothy</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wroe%2C+Stephen%22">Wroe, Stephen</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Macrini%2C+Thomas+E%2E%22">Macrini, Thomas E.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Garland%2C+Kathleen+L%2E+S%2E%22">Garland, Kathleen L. S.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Travouillon%2C+Kenny+J%2E%22">Travouillon, Kenny J.</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Black%2C+Karen%22">Black, Karen</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Archer%2C+Michael%22">Archer, Michael</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hand%2C+Suzanne+J%2E%22">Hand, Suzanne J.</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Berlin%2C+Jeri+C%2E%22">Berlin, Jeri C.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beck%2C+Robin+M%2ED%2E%22">Beck, Robin M.D.</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ladevèze%2C+Sandrine%22">Ladevèze, Sandrine</searchLink><relatesTo>10</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sharp%2C+Alana+C%2E%22">Sharp, Alana C.</searchLink><relatesTo>11</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mardon%2C+Karine%22">Mardon, Karine</searchLink><relatesTo>12</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sherratt%2C+Emma%22">Sherratt, Emma</searchLink><relatesTo>13</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> emma.sherratt@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Evolution%22">Evolution</searchLink>. Mar2021, Vol. 75 Issue 3, p625-640. 16p.
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Little is known about how the large brains of mammals are accommodated into the dazzling diversity of their skulls. It has been suggested that brain shape is influenced by relative brain size, that it evolves or develops according to extrinsic or intrinsic mechanical constraints, and that its shape can provide insights into its proportions and function. Here, we characterize the shape variation among 84 marsupial cranial endocasts of 57 species including fossils, using three‐dimensional geometric morphometrics and virtual dissections. Statistical shape analysis revealed four main patterns: over half of endocast shape variation ranges from elongate and straight to globular and inclined; little allometric variation with respect to centroid size, and none for relative volume; no association between locomotion and endocast shape; limited association between endocast shape and previously published histological cortex volumes. Fossil species tend to have smaller cerebral hemispheres. We find divergent endocast shapes in closely related species and within species, and diverse morphologies superimposed over the main variation. An evolutionarily and individually malleable brain with a fundamental tendency to arrange into a spectrum of elongate‐to‐globular shapes—possibly mostly independent of brain function—may explain the accommodation of brains within the enormous diversity of mammalian skull form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Evolution is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/evo.14163
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 625
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Size of brain
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Skull
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cerebral hemispheres
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Marsupials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Morphometrics
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      – TitleFull: Global elongation and high shape flexibility as an evolutionary hypothesis of accommodating mammalian brains into skulls.
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              Text: Mar2021
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              Y: 2021
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