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Fertilizer quantity and type alter mycorrhizae‐conferred growth and resistance to herbivores.

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Title: Fertilizer quantity and type alter mycorrhizae‐conferred growth and resistance to herbivores.
Authors: Getman‐Pickering, Zoe L.1 (AUTHOR) zg94@cornell.edu, Stack, George M.2 (AUTHOR), Thaler, Jennifer S.1 (AUTHOR), Wandrag, Elizabeth (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Applied Ecology. May2021, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p931-940. 10p.
Subjects: Fertilizers, Plant metabolites, Mycorrhizas, Herbivores, Crop growth, Greenhouse plants, Plant defenses, Tundras
Abstract: Plants face a constant struggle to acquire nutrients and defend themselves against herbivores. Mycorrhizae are fungal mutualists that provide nutrients that can increase plant growth and alter resistance to herbivores. The beneficial effects of mycorrhizae for nutrient acquisition can depend on the quantity and type of soil nutrients available, with plants usually benefiting more in terms of growth from mycorrhizae when nutrients are limited. However, it is unclear how the addition of different nutrients might shift mycorrhizal‐conferred resistance to herbivores by changing defensive secondary chemistry and nutrient availability.We conducted two concurrent greenhouse experiments to test how three levels of fertilizers (low, medium and high) and three types of fertilizers (organic, organically derived and inorganic) altered mycorrhizae‐conferred resistance to herbivores in tomato plants. In addition, we looked at whether mycorrhizae‐conferred resistance was driven by plant secondary metabolites or the nutrient content of the leaves.Association with mycorrhizae was associated with an increase in biomass at low levels of fertilization and decreased biomass at high levels of fertilization. Interestingly, mycorrhizae increased resistance to herbivores at medium levels of fertilization, but had no effect at low and high levels of fertilization. Mycorrhizae improved resistance most strongly when plants were fertilized with a phosphorus rich, organically derived fertilizer. In both experiments, increased resistance was correlated with changes in the plant's foliar nitrogen content.Synthesis and applications. Our study supports the potential for mycorrhizae to improve either crop growth or pest resistance under lower fertilizer conditions. However, mycorrhizae did not provide both growth and resistance benefits under any treatment. While mycorrhizae have the potential to benefit crops in in lower input systems, it may be challenging to maximize both growth and resistance benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 150130961
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Fertilizer quantity and type alter mycorrhizae‐conferred growth and resistance to herbivores.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Getman‐Pickering%2C+Zoe+L%2E%22">Getman‐Pickering, Zoe L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zg94@cornell.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stack%2C+George+M%2E%22">Stack, George M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thaler%2C+Jennifer+S%2E%22">Thaler, Jennifer S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wandrag%2C+Elizabeth%22">Wandrag, Elizabeth</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Applied+Ecology%22">Journal of Applied Ecology</searchLink>. May2021, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p931-940. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fertilizers%22">Fertilizers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+metabolites%22">Plant metabolites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mycorrhizas%22">Mycorrhizas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Herbivores%22">Herbivores</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crop+growth%22">Crop growth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Greenhouse+plants%22">Greenhouse plants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+defenses%22">Plant defenses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tundras%22">Tundras</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Plants face a constant struggle to acquire nutrients and defend themselves against herbivores. Mycorrhizae are fungal mutualists that provide nutrients that can increase plant growth and alter resistance to herbivores. The beneficial effects of mycorrhizae for nutrient acquisition can depend on the quantity and type of soil nutrients available, with plants usually benefiting more in terms of growth from mycorrhizae when nutrients are limited. However, it is unclear how the addition of different nutrients might shift mycorrhizal‐conferred resistance to herbivores by changing defensive secondary chemistry and nutrient availability.We conducted two concurrent greenhouse experiments to test how three levels of fertilizers (low, medium and high) and three types of fertilizers (organic, organically derived and inorganic) altered mycorrhizae‐conferred resistance to herbivores in tomato plants. In addition, we looked at whether mycorrhizae‐conferred resistance was driven by plant secondary metabolites or the nutrient content of the leaves.Association with mycorrhizae was associated with an increase in biomass at low levels of fertilization and decreased biomass at high levels of fertilization. Interestingly, mycorrhizae increased resistance to herbivores at medium levels of fertilization, but had no effect at low and high levels of fertilization. Mycorrhizae improved resistance most strongly when plants were fertilized with a phosphorus rich, organically derived fertilizer. In both experiments, increased resistance was correlated with changes in the plant's foliar nitrogen content.Synthesis and applications. Our study supports the potential for mycorrhizae to improve either crop growth or pest resistance under lower fertilizer conditions. However, mycorrhizae did not provide both growth and resistance benefits under any treatment. While mycorrhizae have the potential to benefit crops in in lower input systems, it may be challenging to maximize both growth and resistance benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/1365-2664.13833
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 931
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Fertilizers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant metabolites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mycorrhizas
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Herbivores
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Crop growth
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Greenhouse plants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant defenses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tundras
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Fertilizer quantity and type alter mycorrhizae‐conferred growth and resistance to herbivores.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Getman‐Pickering, Zoe L.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Stack, George M.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Thaler, Jennifer S.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Wandrag, Elizabeth
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2021
              Type: published
              Y: 2021
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              Value: 00218901
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              Value: 58
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              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of Applied Ecology
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