Sparse Convolutional Beamforming for 3-D Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging.

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Title: Sparse Convolutional Beamforming for 3-D Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging.
Authors: Cohen, Regev1 (AUTHOR) regev.cohen@gmail.com, Fingerhut, Nitai1 (AUTHOR) nitaifingerhut@gmail.com, Varray, Francois2 (AUTHOR), Liebgott, Herve2 (AUTHOR), Eldar, Yonina C.3 (AUTHOR) yonina.eldar@weizmann.ac.il
Source: IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics & Frequency Control. Jul2021, Vol. 68 Issue 7, p2444-2459. 16p.
Subjects: Three-dimensional imaging, Ultrasonic imaging, Beamforming, Signal processing, Organs (Anatomy)
Abstract: Real-time 3-D ultrasound (US) provides a complete visualization of inner body organs and blood vasculature, crucial for diagnosis and treatment of diverse diseases. However, 3-D systems require massive hardware due to the huge number of transducer elements and consequent data size. This increases cost significantly and limit both frame rate and image quality, thus preventing the 3-D US from being common practice in clinics worldwide. A recent study presented a technique called sparse convolutional beamforming algorithm (SCOBA), which obtains improved image quality while allowing notable element reduction in the context of 2-D focused imaging. In this article, we build upon previous work and introduce a nonlinear beamformer for 3-D imaging, called COBA-3D, consisting of 2-D spatial convolution of the in-phase and quadrature received signals. The proposed technique considers diverging-wave transmission and achieves improved image resolution and contrast compared with standard delay-and-sum beamforming while enabling a high frame rate. Incorporating 2-D sparse arrays into our method creates SCOBA-3D: a sparse beamformer that offers significant element reduction and, thus, allows performing 3-D imaging with the resources typically available for 2-D setups. To create 2-D thinned arrays, we present a scalable and systematic way to design 2-D fractal sparse arrays. The proposed framework paves the way for affordable ultrafast US devices that perform high-quality 3-D imaging, as demonstrated using phantom and ex-vivo data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics & Frequency Control is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Sparse Convolutional Beamforming for 3-D Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cohen%2C+Regev%22">Cohen, Regev</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> regev.cohen@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fingerhut%2C+Nitai%22">Fingerhut, Nitai</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> nitaifingerhut@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Varray%2C+Francois%22">Varray, Francois</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liebgott%2C+Herve%22">Liebgott, Herve</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eldar%2C+Yonina+C%2E%22">Eldar, Yonina C.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yonina.eldar@weizmann.ac.il</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22IEEE+Transactions+on+Ultrasonics+Ferroelectrics+%26+Frequency+Control%22">IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics & Frequency Control</searchLink>. Jul2021, Vol. 68 Issue 7, p2444-2459. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+imaging%22">Three-dimensional imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ultrasonic+imaging%22">Ultrasonic imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Beamforming%22">Beamforming</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Signal+processing%22">Signal processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Organs+%28Anatomy%29%22">Organs (Anatomy)</searchLink>
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  Data: Real-time 3-D ultrasound (US) provides a complete visualization of inner body organs and blood vasculature, crucial for diagnosis and treatment of diverse diseases. However, 3-D systems require massive hardware due to the huge number of transducer elements and consequent data size. This increases cost significantly and limit both frame rate and image quality, thus preventing the 3-D US from being common practice in clinics worldwide. A recent study presented a technique called sparse convolutional beamforming algorithm (SCOBA), which obtains improved image quality while allowing notable element reduction in the context of 2-D focused imaging. In this article, we build upon previous work and introduce a nonlinear beamformer for 3-D imaging, called COBA-3D, consisting of 2-D spatial convolution of the in-phase and quadrature received signals. The proposed technique considers diverging-wave transmission and achieves improved image resolution and contrast compared with standard delay-and-sum beamforming while enabling a high frame rate. Incorporating 2-D sparse arrays into our method creates SCOBA-3D: a sparse beamformer that offers significant element reduction and, thus, allows performing 3-D imaging with the resources typically available for 2-D setups. To create 2-D thinned arrays, we present a scalable and systematic way to design 2-D fractal sparse arrays. The proposed framework paves the way for affordable ultrafast US devices that perform high-quality 3-D imaging, as demonstrated using phantom and ex-vivo data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics & Frequency Control is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3068078
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ultrasonic imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Beamforming
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Signal processing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Organs (Anatomy)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Sparse Convolutional Beamforming for 3-D Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging.
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            NameFull: Cohen, Regev
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            NameFull: Fingerhut, Nitai
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            NameFull: Varray, Francois
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            NameFull: Eldar, Yonina C.
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              M: 07
              Text: Jul2021
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              Y: 2021
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              Value: 68
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