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Gender empowerment as an enforcer of individuals' choice between education and fertility: Evidence from 19th century France.

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Title: Gender empowerment as an enforcer of individuals' choice between education and fertility: Evidence from 19th century France.
Authors: Diebolt, Claude1 (AUTHOR) cdiebolt@unistra.fr, Mishra, Tapas2 (AUTHOR) t.k.mishra@soton.ac.uk, Perrin, Faustine1,3 (AUTHOR) faustine.perrin@ekh.lu.se
Source: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. Aug2021, Vol. 188, p408-438. 31p.
Subjects: Fertility, Education, Nineteenth century, Self-efficacy, Gender
Geographic Terms: France
Abstract: • Individuals' choice between education and fertility can drive sustained growth. • Gender balance is important in depicting the real impact of quality-quantity trade-off. • A unique census-based French county level data is used for empirical analysis. • We find that higher education causes lower fertility and vice versa. • The effects of negative endowment almost disappear at a low level of fertility. • The results are robust to controls, endogeneity and distributional heterogeneity. Recent theoretical developments in growth models, triggered particularly by unified theories of growth, suggest that the child quantity-quality trade-off is a defining element in our explanation of a transition from Malthusian stagnation to a sustained growth path. This paper presents a model and derives a testable empirical framework to investigate the role of gender in the trade-off between education and fertility for 86 French counties during the 19th century. Endogeneity-mitigated mean- and median-based regressions offer robust empirical predictions for gender-empowered quantity-quality trade-off. In particular, we find the existence of a significant and negative association between education and fertility. Further, while gauging the differential effects of schooling on fertility, we find that the short-run differences between male and female are small whilst the long-run effects are large. From policy perspective, our results imply that for stable long-run growth it matters not just that parents educate their children, but specifically that they choose to educate girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Gender empowerment as an enforcer of individuals' choice between education and fertility: Evidence from 19th century France.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Diebolt%2C+Claude%22">Diebolt, Claude</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cdiebolt@unistra.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mishra%2C+Tapas%22">Mishra, Tapas</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> t.k.mishra@soton.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perrin%2C+Faustine%22">Perrin, Faustine</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> faustine.perrin@ekh.lu.se</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Economic+Behavior+%26+Organization%22">Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization</searchLink>. Aug2021, Vol. 188, p408-438. 31p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fertility%22">Fertility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Education%22">Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nineteenth+century%22">Nineteenth century</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self-efficacy%22">Self-efficacy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender%22">Gender</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22France%22">France</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: • Individuals' choice between education and fertility can drive sustained growth. • Gender balance is important in depicting the real impact of quality-quantity trade-off. • A unique census-based French county level data is used for empirical analysis. • We find that higher education causes lower fertility and vice versa. • The effects of negative endowment almost disappear at a low level of fertility. • The results are robust to controls, endogeneity and distributional heterogeneity. Recent theoretical developments in growth models, triggered particularly by unified theories of growth, suggest that the child quantity-quality trade-off is a defining element in our explanation of a transition from Malthusian stagnation to a sustained growth path. This paper presents a model and derives a testable empirical framework to investigate the role of gender in the trade-off between education and fertility for 86 French counties during the 19th century. Endogeneity-mitigated mean- and median-based regressions offer robust empirical predictions for gender-empowered quantity-quality trade-off. In particular, we find the existence of a significant and negative association between education and fertility. Further, while gauging the differential effects of schooling on fertility, we find that the short-run differences between male and female are small whilst the long-run effects are large. From policy perspective, our results imply that for stable long-run growth it matters not just that parents educate their children, but specifically that they choose to educate girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.jebo.2021.05.011
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 31
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      – SubjectFull: Fertility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nineteenth century
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      – SubjectFull: Self-efficacy
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      – SubjectFull: Gender
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      – SubjectFull: France
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      – TitleFull: Gender empowerment as an enforcer of individuals' choice between education and fertility: Evidence from 19th century France.
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            NameFull: Mishra, Tapas
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            NameFull: Perrin, Faustine
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2021
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              Y: 2021
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